Expats moving to Madrid will find a wonderful city that is a pleasure to live in, with great restaurants, lively bars, interesting art galleries and two world-famous football teams. 

While retirees searching for sunnier shores and a relaxing descent into their twilight years may not relish the prospect of immigrating to Madrid, it is beyond a doubt the place to go for those looking to further their career in Spain while capitalising on the attractive quality of life. 

Living in Madrid as an expat

Madrid is the commercial and political capital of Spain, and although the centre is convincingly international, it retains a distinctly Latin feel. Foreigners have no need to fear the pressures of a high-speed lifestyle that are so often attached to other Western capitals. 

Madrid is the best city to find a job in the country, boasting both large multinational businesses and a fair amount of direct foreign investment. The service industry is the city's most prosperous sector, and while competition for jobs is rather high in the city, expats can generally also find employment in tourism, teaching, ICT, finance, pharmaceuticals and aerospace. 

In terms of accommodation, expats will find that quality housing in Madrid can be difficult to find for a reasonable price and in the right neighbourhood, and it is important to know where to search, how to negotiate and how to make a deal quickly, knowledgeably and efficiently.

The city's transport system is efficient and easy to use. Expats will definitely not struggle to get around the city using the Metro, high-speed train or bus system. While expats can also rent or buy a car, this is unnecessary. The roads can be congested and rather dangerous, and parking is scarce. 

Cost of living in Madrid

The cost of living in Madrid is rather high, especially when considering the average salaries offered to workers in the city. People in Madrid are generally paid less than in other major European capitals, yet living costs are not much cheaper. 

Accommodation is expensive, and expats wanting to send their children to international schools will also need to consider how pricey these schools can be, owing to the excellent teaching standards and facilities on offer at these institutions. That said, the price of food, eating out, and drinking is cheaper than in many other European cities. 

Expat families and children in Madrid

Healthcare in Spain is considered some of the best in Europe, and the Spanish National Health System (SNS) is available for free for all employees in Spain or EU citizens. The public education system is also well regarded, although many expat families choose to send their children to one of the many private or international schools that have a bilingual or full English curriculum.

With a plethora of activities on offer, Madrid is a good city to bring up children in. The many green spaces, the zoo, the aquarium and the science museum are just a few of the places that expat children can visit in the city. Families will also find larger houses with gardens just outside the city centre, and an exceptional public or international school is never too far from home.  

Climate in Madrid

Madrid is blessed with great weather that allows for ample time spent outdoors throughout the year. That said, the summer months can be blazing hot, and air conditioning is a must. Winters are cold, with the occasional snowfall drifting down every other year.

On the whole, expats moving to Madrid will find that the city’s rich history and youthful enterprise make for an exciting opportunity for individuals and families alike.

Expats will find the weather in Madrid comfortable, yet not as ideal as the Mediterranean climates of Barcelona and Seville. The city generally has a pleasantly warm and dry climate, but there is a broad variation between winter and summer temperatures due to its altitude and proximity to the mountains.

The summer heat can get intense and can, at times, reach 104ºF (40ºC) during the day and drop to 68°F (20°C) at night. Many locals even leave during August in search of cooler climates. That said, the temperature during the warmer months generally hovers around 77°F (25°C). 

Winter temperatures can drop as low as 32°F (0°C) but typically average around 43°F (6°C) in the coldest month of the year. 

Rainfall is low and occurs mainly in late October/November and occasionally in spring.

Madrid sits in the heart of Spain, a jewel in the crown of the Iberian Peninsula. Emerging from history as Spain’s industrial hub while also home to the royal residence, Madrid is a thriving modern metropolis, retaining its rich tapestry of burgeoning culture and classical grandeur. Refined museums and galleries are complemented by characterful cafés, Michelin-star restaurants and a vibrant nightlife. The capital might be expensive to live in, but as many expats report, it’s certainly worth it. As with any city, expat life in Madrid has its advantages and disadvantages.

Below, we list some of the pros and cons of moving to the Spanish capital.

Accommodation in Madrid

+ PRO: Affordable and contemporary housing options further out

Yes, the city centre in Madrid can be quite pricey, but that doesn’t mean there are no alternatives. The further out of the centre expats search, the more affordable and modern apartments become. The houses and condominiums are also bigger in the suburbs.

- CON: Living in the city centre is costly

Staying in Madrid’s city centre is, as is the case in most world metros, eye-wateringly expensive. Its low supply and high demand drive prices through the roof. Added to that, living spaces might be beautiful and antique, but the maintenance can be poor, often resulting in apartment blocks that are somewhat dilapidated and in need of a facelift.

- CON: Poor rental market

Compared to other major European cities, the rental market in Madrid is particularly underdeveloped. Value for money can be quite difficult to come by, while potential security deposits can sometimes be up to six months’ worth of rent.

Working in Madrid

+ PRO: Broad job opportunities

Madrid is the country’s geographic and industrial heart, with many large multinational corporations setting up their headquarters in the capital. Major employers are usually in the financial, engineering and ICT fields, while the city’s most significant sector is the service industry.

+ PRO: Can cater to younger expats

As the nation’s capital, there are more jobs in Madrid than in other cities. There are also opportunities for young Western expats looking to travel and see the world, particularly in teaching English.

- CON: High costs of living

While Madrid generally offers the highest wages in Spain, your wallet might take a bit of a beating as the cost of living is fairly high. As mentioned, there’s not much bang for buck when it comes to property, and employment competition is fierce compared to the rest of the country.

Families and children in Madrid

+ PRO: Broad schooling options

Raising kids in Madrid can be an absolute breeze, partly thanks to a wonderful array of international schools. They help to ease children into Madrid society by surrounding them with a familiar language and environment, with Italian, French, English and even Russian curricula all available. 

+ PRO: Kids can integrate

There is also a growing initiative for bilingual schools, giving expat kids a chance to grow up and fully immerse themselves in the local culture.

+ PRO: Lots of fun activities

There will be no shortage of fun things to do for the little ones. There are myriad local parks perfect for picnics and play dates, while the Natural Science Museum, zoo, aquarium and a great amusement park all mean the kids will never be bored.

Getting Around in Madrid

+ PRO: Central location

Because of its central location, Madrid is the perfect base from which to explore the rest of the country. Whether you want to visit the Mediterranean allure of Barcelona or the old-world charm of Seville, a trip is but a short plane or train ride away.

+ PRO: Excellent public transport

The city boasts one of Europe's most well-organised public transport systems, with an efficient metro that travels to the outskirts of Madrid. Its high-speed train is rightly lauded, travelling across Spain to the cities of Barcelona, Seville and Zaragoza.

- CON: Driving is not recommended

Driving isn’t really an option if expats want to travel to the centre of Madrid regularly. Drivers can be rather aggressive, and there is minimum parking which is quite pricey, not to mention the terrible traffic congestion. There are also instances of cars being broken into.

- CON: Not particularly cyclist-friendly

Madrid doesn’t exactly go out of its way to cater for bicycles. But things have been changing slowly to accommodate more two-wheeled traffic, especially with the rise of electric bike-sharing services such as BiciMAD.

Lifestyle in Madrid

+ PRO: Culture, culture, culture

There’s a great mix of the classic and contemporary in Madrid, with a wide range of attractions to delight any discerning taste. First stop would probably be the Prado Museum, displaying pieces by Botticelli and Rembrandt, closely followed by the Thyssen and the Reina Sofia, which focus on Spanish artwork from the 20th century. Families will love the Naval Museum, and they can relax among the lakes, fountains and cafés in the Parque del Buen Retiro.

+ PRO: Football paradise

Like most of the country, Madrid is football crazy. It’s home to possibly the biggest football club on the planet, Real Madrid, and the Santiago Bernabéu is truly a sight to behold when it is resplendent in the white of Los Blancos. Just don’t tell their neighbours, with Atlético Madrid the other half of a fierce city rivalry sure to bring tensions to boiling points.

- CON: Not a coastal adventure

Those looking for the stereotypical ‘fun in the sun’ will be sorely disappointed. While travelling to the coast isn’t difficult to organise, Madrid does not offer the atmosphere and seaside allure of Valencia or Barcelona. But the weather is still warm and pleasant for those looking to escape the cold of northern European countries.

- CON: A late start

When night falls, a siesta-induced late start means loads of its bars and nightclubs only get going once people finish with their dinners at around 10pm. Siestas can be quite disruptive to people who aren’t used to them, with stores often closing for a period from lunchtime to late afternoon.

Cost of Living in Madrid

+ PRO: Spending smart pays

Eating out on a budget can be a trying experience in Madrid. But those who are settling down long term will definitely make use of the markets and local grocery stores, which have far more wallet-friendly prices.

+ PRO: Getting around

If used tactically, expats will need to look no further than the public transport system and their own two feet. Taxis and ride-sharing costs of apps such as Uber can mount up, and there’s really no reason to invest in a car as the accompanying petrol and parking fees can also be steep.

- CON: It’s generally expensive

Because of its identity as a big European capital, things are going to be a bit pricier than in the rest of the country. Predictably, rent is probably going to be the biggest financial burden in Madrid. More upmarket spots such as Salamanca or Castellana will be significantly more expensive than Chamartín and Nuevos Ministerios.

Expats working in Madrid can expect to be immersed in a modern city that lays claim to most of the population in Spain's central region, as well as the majority of its economic activity.

Jobseekers looking to set themselves apart from their competition would do well to learn some Spanish. Those who are also able to speak a third European language will have an even bigger advantage. 

The job market in Madrid

As the country's capital, Madrid attracts both direct foreign investment and a fair number of multinational corporations. The city's largest economic sector is its service industry. The best performing sectors within the industry include corporate services, logistics, communications, real estate and financial services.

On average, expats are likely to find more job opportunities in Madrid than in other Spanish cities, but competition for jobs is often much higher than in other major European cities.

Expats working in Madrid will receive some of the highest wages in Spain, which is an additional attraction for those moving to the city. The downside of this is that the growing population and increased demand for real estate mean that the cost of living in Madrid is also higher than in the rest of the country. It should also be noted that salaries in Madrid are generally lower than in other Western European countries.

Teaching English in Madrid remains popular among expats in the city, while other industries popular with expat employees include tourism, ICT, finance, pharmaceutical and aerospace.

Finding a job in Madrid

Expats from EU countries have the advantage of not needing a work permit for Spain. Employers also generally offer job contracts to other European nationals before looking outside the continent. 

New arrivals who are non-EU nationals will need to have a job offer or apply to be self-employed to legally work in Madrid. Expats moving to Madrid will need to secure an NIE (Número de Identificación de Exrenajeros) or TIE (Tarjeta de Identidad de Extranjero) number to work in the city. EU nationals can apply for an NIE number, while expats from non-EU countries will need to apply for both the NIE and TIE numbers. These will allow expats to legally open a business, buy a car, work and secure accommodation in the city. Newcomers can visit the Madrid City Council website for specific application processes for the NIE and TIE numbers for Madrid. 

It is a good idea for expats to contact a recruitment specialist or head-hunter in Spain to assist them with finding a job. There are also several online portals, such as LinkedIn and Indeed, which advertise job openings and should be checked regularly.

Work culture in Madrid

Spain's business culture is strongly rooted in tradition, and some business practices may seem old-fashioned to expats. Nevertheless, once they adjust to this, expats should find it relatively easy and pleasant to work in Spain.

Hierarchy is paramount to successfully doing business in Spain. Spanish managers are autocrats of a sort, having the authority to make important decisions without consulting their employees. Those in mid- and lower-level positions should therefore show the utmost respect for their seniors. 

That said, Spain's business culture is slowly evolving. Those of a younger generation may uphold slightly different ideals and subscribe to more egalitarian practices.

Making contacts and networking in Madrid is also important. The power of connections is not to be underestimated and is a principle ingrained in the Spanish working world. Expats should take advantage of any attempt to interact with decision-makers and should make an effort to attend job fairs and group events.

It is also important for foreigners to learn at least some Spanish. International business may be conducted in English, but other transactions will most likely occur in the local language.

One of the sunniest cities in Europe, Madrid boasts an average of 350 days of sunshine annually. It’s no wonder people from all over Europe and the world relocate to Madrid to soak up the sun in the Spanish capital and take advantage of its wonderful way of life. With the high quality of life comes an equally high price tag: according to Mercer’s 2022 Cost of Living Survey, Madrid is ranked as the 90th most expensive city for expats out of 227 cities surveyed.

Still, Madrid is relatively affordable for a western European capital, especially when compared to the likes of Bern and London. The city is also Spain’s commercial and political hub, which means lucrative job opportunities are plentiful.

Cost of accommodation in Madrid  

Accommodation in Madrid is the second priciest in Spain, following Barcelona as the country's most expensive city to rent in. Securing well-priced and quality accommodation in the city centre is notoriously challenging. The properties in the city centre are usually older with few modern amenities, but they offer quick access to Madrid's commercial hub.   

Housing in the outlying areas of the city tends to be more popular among expats, as the apartments and houses are often larger and better equipped at a lower price than in the city centre. Madrid’s transport system is also well-developed and affordable, making commuting easy.

Cost of transport in Madrid  

Expats will find that life in the capital without a car is easy and even preferable. With a population of 6.8 million, Madrid's roads are congested, while parking is scarce and expensive. The efficient public transport system includes buses, a metro and taxis, all of which offer day and night access to all the districts in the city.  

Expats keen on buying a car should prepare to navigate the infamous Spanish bureaucracy. Expats eager to avoid this often pay a small additional fee to the dealership, which then handles all the paperwork.

Cost of food in Madrid   

Spanish cuisine is one of the most famous in the world. Some staples include olive oil, seafood, fresh produce and wine. Expats looking to adopt a Mediterranean diet can expect to spend significantly less than on a diet that contains a lot of red meat and dairy products, as these can be costly in Madrid.   

Eating out in Madrid is generally more affordable than in other European cities, and the capital enjoys fresh fruit and vegetables throughout the year thanks to the sunny climate.

Cost of entertainment in Madrid   

Madrid is well known for its art museums, nightlife and theatre scene, while it’s no surprise that sport is a big part of the city’s entertainment seeing as it’s home to two world-famous football teams, namely Real- and Atlético Madrid. Food and drink in the city cost significantly less than in the likes of London, Paris and Rome.  

The city also offers multiple manicured parks ideal for running, walking or picnicking. Most of these green spaces are free to access, making them an excellent option for expats on a tight budget.

Cost of living in Spain chart

Prices may vary across the city, depending on product and service provider. The list below shows average prices for Madrid in February 2023.

Finding high-quality and well-priced accommodation in Madrid can be relatively difficult. In recent years, property prices in Madrid have sky-rocketed. In fact, the city now has the second most expensive rental and purchase prices in the country. There is a lack of refurbished, spacious and well-located accommodation in the city, which means the consequent high demand and low supply lead to constantly increasing rates. 

Types of accommodation in Madrid

Living in the city centre

Most expats in Madrid live in apartments with small balconies. Usually, the more modern an apartment, the smaller the living space. Demand and therefore price tags for these newer entities, however, remain high.

In general, apartments that are 10 years or older will be of lower quality than those of a similar age found in other capital cities in Western Europe.

The typical city centre apartment sits within a charming old building, sometimes lacks light, has small bedrooms and, if it is a rental, is sparsely and cheaply furnished. On the upside, city centre apartments are close to nearly everything, which eliminates the need for expats to buy a car.

Living outside the city centre

Just outside the city centre, apartments are cheaper, larger, modern, well-equipped, and usually include a garage. In the suburbs, houses are more common, and newly constructed blocks can even include a swimming pool and tennis courts. Both furnished and unfurnished housing options are available. There are plenty of furniture retailers where expats can purchase items at reasonable prices, which will save them from shipping furniture to Spain.

As in most large metropolitan areas, there are some parts of the city that are more desirable than others. Naturally, these are the most expensive and tend to be centrally located, close to excellent schools and transport connections.

Areas and suburbs in Madrid

With 21 districts and more than 100 neighbourhoods, Madrid's expat community will be spoilt for choice when it comes to areas and suburbs. Most young working professionals and students live in the centre of Madrid as they typically prefer being close to public transport, nightlife and job opportunities. Central areas such as Sol, Malasaña, Chueca, Lavapiés and La Latina are among the most popular. 

Expat families, fitness enthusiasts and working professionals who prefer to be further away from the action will love neighbourhoods such as Retiro, Chamerí, Arturo Soria, Conde Orgaz and Mirasierra. These areas and suburbs are located nearby green spaces, public and international schools and family-friendly attractions, but purchase and rental prices lean on the higher side. 

See Areas and Suburbs in Madrid for more information on the best neighbourhoods in the city. 

Finding accommodation in Madrid

Expats who already know the area in which they'd like to live and have already defined the criteria for their accommodation can search for apartments online. It is also possible to check data, organise viewings, negotiate rental prices with the landlord, review the contract and manage other administrative and legal requirements via this medium.

Social media is another valuable resource, as some landlords prefer posting their listings for free on social media neighbourhood platforms. Expats can also leverage word of mouth by asking their colleagues if they know of any rentals on the market in their respective neighbourhoods. 

If an expat has neither the time, knowledge, or language skills to search for accommodation in Madrid, a real estate professional will be their best resource. A Spanish estate agent's level of English may not be the best, but they will look for apartments within their portfolio that comply with an expat's criteria. It's important to bear in mind that agent's fees in Madrid can mount up and can reach the equivalent of one month's rent.

Renting accommodation in Madrid

The rental market in Madrid is underdeveloped compared to other Western European capital cities, which means that it can be challenging for expats to find quality apartments. The average furnished apartment in Madrid is often of poorer quality than many expats may be used to, and most landlords expect their tenants to maintain the property themselves.

Sharing apartments, on the other hand, is slowly becoming the default option for students and young professionals who want to live in the city centre but can't afford to pay rent on their own.

Making an application

The good news is that the tenant selection process is not excessively demanding. Landlords choose their tenants on a first-come-first-serve basis, with the only requirement being that the tenant shows proof of income and can pay a security deposit.

Leases and deposits

Expat tenants are often asked to give proof of income (job contract and last three pay slips) and, in rare cases, references from their previous landlord. Providing this information to landlords can help expats show they are serious about renting a property and differentiate them from other potential tenants. Expats wishing to rent accommodation in Madrid will typically need to have the equivalent of three months' rent upfront for the security deposit, real-estate agent fees and the first month's rent. Security deposits are generally one month's rent (two months if furnished). This will be returned at the end of the leasing period, provided the apartment has not sustained any damages at fault to the tenant.

In general, the mandatory initial lease period is one year and payments are due at the start of each month.

See Accommodation in Spain for more detail on leases and the rental process in the country.  

Utilities

Utilities, such as water and electricity, are generally not included in the rental price for an apartment in Madrid, but tenants may be able to negotiate with the landlord for the inclusion of these costs. Those living in apartment complexes may also have to pay community fees for the maintenance of communal spaces. 

Water and electricity are usually connected when tenants move in; they will simply need to transfer the account into their name. Most of the drinking water in Madrid comes from the Canal de Isabel II, and the city boasts some of the safest tap water in Spain. 

The city of Madrid is on a drive to meet EU recycling targets and, in recent years, has introduced new waste management strategies. Waste collection is separated, with organic waste deposited into brown lid bins and collected daily in most districts throughout the city. There are also different coloured bins for paper, glass, metal, general and hazardous waste located in each street of every neighbourhood. 

The best places to live in Madrid

Madrid is a cosmopolitan city full of art galleries, theatres, cinemas, restaurants, universities and a thriving nightlife.

Whether a student, an English teacher, a young professional, or an expat family, new arrivals are sure to find a suitable area or suburb in Madrid to call home. 

Expats tend to live in and around the historic centre, on the outskirts and beyond, and even in nearby provincial towns. Goods, services and reliable transport are widespread and usually within reach.

Expats should note that accommodation in most large Spanish cities is in the form of apartments, and Madrid is no different. Meaning that the centre can be noisy and the living space minimal.

Expats who would prefer to live in a quiet area in a spacious, affordable house will most likely have to live away from the city centre. While this does include a commute, the excellent public transport networks make it easy and rather pleasant. Otherwise, expats can travel into the city centre by road, but these can be rather busy.  

Central areas of Madrid

City centre

In the city centre, winding streets fan out from Madrid’s famous tourist-friendly Puerta del Sol, a broad square that acts as the commercial heart of the city. While this area is exciting, there is little green space and the accommodation is expensive, often in older buildings that are not all newly renovated. 

Wider avenues, such as the main artery of the Gran Vía or the area around the Plaza de Oriente, home of the Royal Palace, are nearby. In general, this area best suits young, fun-seeking students who can keep up with its frenetic pace.  

La Latina

Close by the centre is La Latina, where expats will find inhabitants, bars and narrow streets reminiscent of traditional Madrid. Though certainly a charming neighbourhood, some of the accommodation found here is in need of upgrading. That said, some of the best tapas bars in the metropolis are found here, and on Sundays, the huge Rastro flea market winds its way down the area's eastern edge. Rent in this area is quite expensive, even if not all apartments are updated, as it is a popular area to live in. 

Chueca and Malasaña

Chueca and Malasaña are other fun options in central Madrid. Owing to Chueca's flourishing nightlife, the neighbourhood tends to be noisy, though Malasaña manages to be quieter and more residential while keeping its trendy, alternative edge. These areas are perhaps best suited to young, well-earning professionals who prefer their accommodation to be in proximity to their favourite party spots.

Retiro

Not far from the centre is the Retiro, a quiet residential district made up of medium-sized period buildings. This neighbourhood lacks shops and markets but is close to Madrid's biggest railway station, Atocha. It is suited to families but is rather pricey.

Salamanca and Castellana

Chic, well-heeled expat professionals may want to secure accommodation in Salamanca or Castellana; these are some of the most expensive areas in the city. The broad thoroughfares are lined with designer shops, stylish boutiques and upmarket restaurants. The US Embassy is located here, and amid the district’s wide highways and tall buildings are the headquarters of many banks and companies.  

Off-centre areas of Madrid

Chamartín

Spacious and residential, Chamartín is within easy reach of the city centre by bus and metro. Home to Real Madrid's Santiago Bernabéu Stadium, it has a well-established community of affluent expat families. Beyond the wide avenues, there are medium to more expensive modern apartment complexes, as well as secluded and pricey villas. Stylish restaurants can be found here, and there are international clubs, societies, churches and schools. It is well suited to high-earning professionals and their families.

Moncloa

Moncloa, north of the Plaza De Espana and the location of the Prime Minister's official residence, is a quick, easy getaway from the buzz of the centre. This elegant area of four-storey buildings is laid out on a grid system and boasts a park as well as underground parking options. The neighbourhood is also home to the Complutense University campus, with its well-kept sports facilities. Despite being home to many students, the area is quiet and well-suited to expat families.

Nuevos Ministerios

Located north of the city centre, Nuevos Ministerios is a middle-income zone and offers everything from restaurants and cinemas to clubs and cafés. The neighbourhood is well connected to the rest of the city by bus and the underground, but parking is as difficult to find as in the city centre. 

Outlying areas of Madrid

La Moraleja

La Moraleja (Alcobendas) is popular with the city's wealthier residents. Situated in Madrid's northeast, it is the equivalent of the Spanish Beverly Hills. Tranquil, spacious and full of luxury villas with private gardens, rental and purchase costs are steep. Residents include the internationally rich and famous such as film stars, impresarios and top company directors. A selection of Madrid’s best private schools and sports clubs are located in this area, complete with tennis, golf and pony clubs. Restaurants are select and costly. A private car is essential, both for shopping in nearby commercial centres and for going into the city. This is the place to live for prosperous expats.

San Sebastián de los Reyes

San Sebastián de los Reyes, a historical town founded in 1492, is 11 miles (18km) north of Madrid. It is well connected to the capital and to Barajas Airport by rail and underground. Known for its sporting activities, it is also a shopper’s paradise, as major international companies such as IKEA and Leroy Merlin have branches in its MegaPark and Plaza Norte malls. The home of Antena television station, San Sebastián de los Reyes is a middle-class town and an ideal place for expat families.  

Las Rozas

Las Rozas is a little over half an hour beyond the city limits to the northwest. It is an exclusive area with large, high-standard apartments, semi-detached houses and landscaped villas. With strong North American influences, there is an international choice of banks, shops and eateries. There are several international schools in the area and plenty of organised sports and social facilities. Las Rozas is best suited to prosperous families or couples.

Pozuelo and Somosaguas

Pozuelo is one of the richest cities in Spain that is home to many offices of renowned international companies, and as such a lot of expats live here. It is only 6.2 miles (10 km) from the city centre of Madrid. Somosaguas is a chic residential area with luxury standalone villas where a lot of famous people live, such as television or film stars, football players and artists.

Aravaca, El Plantio and La Florida

Aravaca still forms part of the City of Madrid, even if it is next to Pozuelo. Like Pozuelo, it includes areas where the upper class live. In El Plantio and La Florida, there are several international schools, making it a sought-after area for families starting a new life in Madrid.

Expats will find that healthcare in Madrid is supported by numerous public facilities as well as a diverse private sector.

As is the case with all other regions in Spain, the national government provides basic coordination and legislation, and the regional administration is in charge of managing and planning public healthcare.

During a short-term visit, EU citizens can use their European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) to access state healthcare here. UK citizens can make use of their Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC), which replaced the EHIC for UK citizens post-Brexit.

Those moving to Madrid permanently can access free healthcare once they begin to pay into social security, a facility that can only be arranged by those expats with residence permits who have obtained an Empadronamiento, an NIE number and a health card. For working expats, this payment is usually arranged through an employer as an automatic deduction from the employee’s salary. Self-employed expats will have to pay into social security themselves to begin receiving free healthcare.

There is an impressive range of public hospitals and an extensive network of healthcare centres and pharmacies in Madrid, but many expats prefer to utilise private healthcare in Madrid. This sector eliminates the long queues that often plague the public system and provides individuals with more choice when it comes to specialists and practitioners. Expats will need to have comprehensive private insurance if they wish to take advantage of these facilities.

Read more about healthcare and health insurance for expats in Spain. 

Hospitals in Madrid

Below are some of the most prominent hospitals in Madrid:

HM Universitario Madrid

Website: www.hmmadrid.com
Address: Plaza del Conde del Valle de Suchil 16, 28015

Hospital la Moraleja

Website: www.hospitallamoraleja.es
Address: Avd Francisco Pí Y Margall 81, 28050

MD Anderson Cancer Centre

Website: www.mdanderson.es
Address: Calle Arturo Soria 270, 28033

Unidad Médica Angloamericana

Website: www.unidadmedica.com
Address: Calle Conde de Aranda 1, 28001

The standard of education and schools in Madrid is generally excellent, and expat parents will be spoilt for choice. While there are a range of schools in Madrid, for the most part, expats and the wealthier locals tend to send their children to private or international schools which offer higher standards and a greater variety of extra-curricular activities. 

Public Schools in Madrid

Public schools in Spain are free to all citizens and registered citizens who have an NIE number and Empadronamiento. These schools have high teaching standards but are attended mainly by locals because classes are taught in Spanish. These institutions can be good options for young expat children who can pick up the language more easily, but it can be challenging for older students to attend classes taught in Spanish. It is also an option worth considering for families who are looking at moving to Spain permanently.

Semi-private and private schools in Madrid

Many madrileños send their young students to semi-private Catholic schools, which are subsidised by the government and form an essential part of the education system in Spain. Tuition at these institutions is often more affordable than European private schools, but subsidised schools also teach Spanish curricula in the Spanish language and can be similarly difficult for newly arrived expat children. 

Independent private schools in Madrid can be bilingual, but tend to be on the pricey side. These schools can cost thousands of euros a year, and expat parents should be aware that some might refer to themselves as international schools while teaching the Spanish curriculum in a foreign language. These schools tend to be more popular with the locals than the expat community.

International schools in Madrid

There are plenty of international schools in Madrid that uphold both the teaching language and curricula of countries such as the US, UK and Germany. These schools are more experienced in accommodating students who have previously studied different curricula, and act as an effective bridge between a student's home country and their new environment. 

All reputable schools of this kind are registered with the embassy of their home country. Many international schools have long waiting lists, and expat families are encouraged to enrol their children well before the school year begins.

See our reviews of the best International Schools in Madrid. 

Special-needs education in Madrid

While the Spanish government requires public schools to attempt to educate special-needs children, and gives grants to schools with specially trained teachers, not all schools are equipped to help these children. Children needing high levels of assistance may be placed in special-needs schools, or regular schools with special-needs teachers and specialists such as psychologists as well as speech therapists. Grants may also be given to families to assist with the cost of treatments. 

Childcare and nurseries in Madrid

Expat parents with young children will have finding good yet affordable childcare and nurseries at the top of their list. Legally mandated maternity leave in Spain is 16 weeks, meaning mothers will usually start seeking childcare from when their children are four months old. It can therefore be difficult to find a suitable childminder or nursery school, as competition for spaces is tight. 

Fortunately, Spain offers subsidised nursery schools (guarderias), which charge based on a family's income, and kindergartens (escuela infantil), which are free to attend. This eases the cost for families, but application processes can be bureaucratic as parents have to prove their income level to their local municipality. For that reason, most expat families opt for private nurseries, which are slightly pricier than state nurseries but offer them more choice in terms of language and location while circumventing the need to deal with the infamous Spanish bureaucracy. 

Tutoring in Madrid

There are many private home tutors available to teach expat children in Madrid. Specific companies in Madrid register private tutors, and expats can therefore apply for a tutor through them. Two such companies are Preply and Apprentus. Alternatively, expats can search online for a tutor. Many tutors also offer online sessions. 

Tutors generally offer school support and reinforce what is being taught in class. This can especially be helpful for students trying to adjust to a new school or curriculum. Expat children attending any of the Spanish language schools should also consider a tutor to help them adapt to learning in the language. 

There is an assortment of bilingual and international schools in Madrid for expat children to attend. In fact, international educational standards are so commonplace that many schools with British and American curricula have a student body predominately made up of Spanish pupils. There are many schools that teach the British national curriculum, and while the most common language of tuition is English, Spanish is often the dominant language in the playground and lunch table. In some international schools, as many as 80 percent of the pupils are Spanish. International schools are encouraged to take local students as there is a state subsidy for those schools where more than a fifth of the children are Spanish, and which offer bilingual education. The teachers at these schools also tend to be international, and many are native English speakers. 

This gives expat children an opportunity to overcome some of the culture shock in Spain and fully integrate into their new home. While international schools may be pricier than public and private schools, they offer excellent facilities and a wide array of activities, including art, music, sports and STEM labs. 

There are some international schools in the centre of Madrid, but the majority are situated in the suburbs and in the countryside surrounding the city, where they have more space for sports fields and other facilities for a variety of extracurricular activities.

Listed below are some of Madrid's best international schools.

International schools in Madrid

American School of Madrid

The American School of Madrid (ASD) has been providing an American education and encouraging fluency in Spanish for more than 60 years. The school is home to a diverse student body of more than 1,000 students of over 60 nationalities. Read more

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: American and International Baccalaureate
Ages: 3 to 18

Hastings School

Hastings School is a proudly British school located in the heart of Madrid. Offering an adapted version of the Cambridge IGCSE, the school encourages bilingualism in English and Spanish speakers. The school's large student body is spread out over six age-specific campuses in central Madrid, all of which are connected by a shuttle service. Read more

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: Cambridge IGCSE and A-levels and International Baccalaureate 
Ages: 2 to 18

International College Spain Madrid

One of the leading international schools in Europe, International College Spain has been established for more than 30 years and is the only school in Madrid offering the three prestigious International Baccalaureate programmes (PYP, MYP and DP) in English. Read more

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: International Baccalaureate
Ages: 3 to 18

International School of Madrid

The International School of Madrid has been providing quality British education to a diverse student population for more than 50 years. More than 30 nationalities are represented throughout the school's student body of more than 800 pupils. The school is conveniently located in central Madrid. Read more

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: English National Curriculum, Cambridge IGCSE and A-levels
Ages: 2 to 18

King's College, The British School of Madrid

King's College, The British School of Madrid teaches the English National Curriculum, including the Cambridge IGCSE and A-Levels, as well as the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme. The school is situated just 20 minutes from Central Madrid. Read more

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: English National Curriculum, Cambridge IGCSE and A-levels
Ages: 2.5 to 18

St George International

St. George International follows the British curriculum from Infant School through to Upper Secondary, during which stage students take the Cambridge IGCSE. Sixth Form students work towards the International Baccalaureate Diploma. The school's diverse student body is made up of more than 45 nationalities. All teachers are native English speakers, apart from those who teach foreign-language subjects. Read more

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: English National Curriculum, Cambridge IGCSE, Spanish and International Baccalaureate
Ages: 2 to 18

Thames British School

Thames British School is a private school that offers British education to students of all nationalities, following the Early Years Foundation Stage curriculum for students from three to five years old and the Cambridge International Curriculum throughout primary and secondary years. There's also a pre-nursery programme for ages one to three. Read more

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: English National Curriculum, Cambridge Primary, Cambridge Lower Secondary, Cambridge IGCSE and A-levels
Ages: 1 to 18

With a blend of old-world charm and contemporary chic, expats can look forward to a host of entertainment options and a fantastic lifestyle in Madrid, despite the landlocked capital's lack of sun-soaked beaches.

New arrivals to the city will find that the Spanish siesta is slowly dying out, but the nightlife that traditionally accompanies it is still as active as ever, with Spaniards sleeping on average 53 minutes less than the rest of Europe.

The Spanish capital is filled with charming sidewalk cafés, restaurants, lively bars and nightclubs. There are several much-anticipated annual events in Madrid, excellent shopping options, and a number of cinemas and theatres which put on productions all year.

Expats with children in Madrid will also have no problem finding something to do, with everything from the Madrid Zoo to an urban beach to keep the children entertained.

Shopping in Madrid

Opportunities for shopping in Madrid abound. Expats can find a wide variety of quality goods from various stores, markets and malls.

The Salamanca district in the northeast of the city is where leading Spanish and international designers display their wares, while Chueca is a popular part of town for boutique stores and high-end bargains. For high-street fashions and regional foods, try El Corte Ingles, while the Rastro market is good for antiques and jewellery. 

Eating out in Madrid

The long siesta dividing the Spanish workday traditionally meant later hours and a populace that is especially active at night. Although this tradition has changed, many who work in Madrid still take an extended lunch break and leave the office at around 7pm or 8pm and have dinner at around 10pm.

Many of the restaurants in Madrid cater for this, staying open while everybody else is on siesta and closing when everybody returns to work. Restaurants that do close for an evening break generally open after 8pm, with the busiest time for the city's favourite spots being about 10pm.

One of the ironies of life in Madrid is that expats can order some of the best seafood dishes in Spain, despite the city's landlocked location. 

In addition to typical local delicacies, expats will find that dishes popular in other regions of Spain are easily available. Although cheap street vendors abound, the best food in Madrid is typically found at sit-down restaurants.

Nightlife in Madrid

The nightlife in Madrid is among the best in the world, with a variety of vibrant cafés, bars and nightclubs there for expats to explore. Some of the most popular nightlife venues borrow from local influences, such as traditional tavernas and flamenco dancing. From hidden bars to raucous clubs, plenty of more conventional nightlife venues exist for expats to let their hair down.

Sports and outdoor activities in Madrid

While it may be better known for its man-made structures, Madrid has a fair amount of green spaces that facilitate a host of outdoor activities in the city. The Casa de Campo is one of the biggest inner city parks in Europe, where expats will find the Madrid Zoo and the Madrid Amusement Park.

The best known among these green spaces is arguably Buen Retiro Park at the edge of the city centre. It used to be a royal garden in the 17th century and was first opened to the public in 1800. Now, residents can be seen jogging and having picnics around the large artificial lake.

It is also a sporting city, hosting world-famous football (soccer) teams Real Madrid and Atlético Madrid in their respective stadiums, while tennis fans will enjoy watching the Madrid leg of the ATP Masters Series. 

Active expats will be able to join one of the local sports clubs in Madrid, go running in one of its many parks or conquer the hiking trails just outside the city.  Cycling is one of the great activities, as the city has many cycling trails expats can enjoy alone or with family. The park alongside the Rio Manzanares is also a popular outdoor place.

As the largest city in Spain, Madrid draws international families and their children from all corners of the globe.

Expat mothers and fathers moving to the Spanish capital can take comfort in the warm-natured approach that Spanish residents have towards children in Madrid.

The city's climate also makes for great family outings. Long spells of sunny skies and dry seasons are perfect for enjoying outdoor play dates and easy activity planning for the budget-conscious.

Education and schools in Madrid

Expats moving to Madrid with children will certainly need to consider the education on offer in the city. 

International schools

Madrid is not short of private international schools and houses German, French, English and even Swedish schools. Parents who would prefer to integrate their children into a Spanish public school will, on the other hand, have to come to grips with the points system used for applications.

Bilingual schools

The Ministry of Education also introduced a bilingual programme a few years ago, and some Spanish schools now operate as bilingual schools. In principle, bilingual schools offer a few more hours of English a week and the bilingual teacher is responsible for teaching English language, art, science, arts and crafts, and physical education while other subjects are taught in Spanish. This is not always the case, however, as many of the teachers in these schools do not speak English fluently and classes are therefore either taught mainly in Spanish or broken English. 

English-speaking playgroups

Expats who have children younger than three years of age may wish to take them along to one of the English-speaking playgroups in Madrid. These playgroups are usually formed by international and Spanish parents wanting to introduce their little ones to English at an early age. These are great places to start meeting other international residents, swapping advice and making friends.

Eating with children in Madrid

Cooking for children can become difficult if the little ones happen to be hung up on their favourite foods from home. Luckily for expats, there are many international shops in Madrid, including English stores, American delis, Swedish, Arabic, Hindi, Asian and Italian shops. Some stores, such as the Food Hall, even have online purchasing available.

Family restaurants in Madrid abound. For a taste of nostalgia, visit any of the themed restaurants, such as the Hard Rock Café and Foster’s Hollywood, which cater to Westerners craving the familiar.

Activities for children in Madrid

There are plenty of attractions both nearby and just outside the city limits for parents who would prefer to take their children on a field trip to explore the surrounding countryside. Not to mention, Madrid is a mere 45-minute drive from several winter ski resorts if a family holiday is on the cards.

Parque de Atracciones

The Parque de Atracciones (Amusement Park of Madrid) is in Casa de Campo, well within the city limits. It can be reached by metro, bus or car. Even though it is labelled as a theme park, it is valued for its classic fairground atmosphere. The great thing about the amusement park is that parents can pay a small fee to accompany and observe their children having fun or pay for a full-price ticket and participate in some of the many gravity-defying rides.

La Cripta Magica

La Cripta Magica, located close to Atocha, captivates adult audiences during the week with magnificent magic shows, but on weekends it dedicates two shows in the afternoons specifically for children aged two to 12 years. Children can sit right in the centre of the theatre for a full view and a truly magical experience.

CosmoCaixa

Expat parents who would prefer their children to experience a more educational attraction should head to CosmoCaixa. This science museum in Alcobendas allows children to take part in an extraordinary journey of the solar system in a 3D planetarium. They can also get up close to some of the planet’s plants and animals or experiment with specially adapted scientific instruments.

El Tren de la Fresa

For something a little out of the ordinary, expat parents can take their children on one of the themed train rides that run from several different train stations in Madrid. One of the favourites is El Tren de la Fresa, which allows children and their parents to enjoy local strawberries en-route while listening to tales of the past all the way to Aranjuez in medieval style.

Arts and culture for kids in Madrid

Madrid’s cultural repertoire is world-renowned and doesn’t discriminate against young creatives.

The Golden Triangle of Art

The art walk is one activity in Madrid that is as enjoyable for adults as children. The Reina Sofia, El Prado, and Thyssen museums are all within a five-minute walk of each other, each offering guided tours as well as family workshops that can be booked in advance.

Royal Tapestry of Madrid

Expat families can even visit places such as the Royal Tapestry of Madrid. If arriving at the right time, one might just catch a glimpse of elegant tapestries being woven on the premises.

Parks in Madrid

Children can burn off some of their ample energy with a picnic and some playtime in any of Madrid’s beautiful parks.

Madrid’s most emblematic park, El Retiro, is located in the city centre. Casa de Campo is a lot of fun for kids, not only because of the zoo and amusement park, but also because of the lake, ice stands and playgrounds. There is always plenty going on at the park, such as free puppet shows for children on weekends, seasonal rowing on the lake, as well as several exhibition halls showcasing interesting and unusual sculptures and art installations throughout the year.

A city of resplendent beauty and rich history, there is more than enough for expats to see and do in Madrid. 

The city's character has been shaped by everything from medieval to modernist influences, which can be seen in landmarks as varied as the Gothic church of St Jerome and the abstract sculptures of the Museum of Public Art.

Known for being one of the world's foremost destinations for art lovers, Madrid provides expats with the opportunity to see everything from classical masterpieces to the surreal works of Salvador Dalí. 

The most famous of the city's many museums are situated on the Paseo Del Prado, one of the city's main boulevards. This includes the world-famous Golden Triangle of Art, which has three of the best-known museums in Madrid. 

Madrid is not only a city for culture vultures but also offers attractions that should appeal to all kinds of expats. Sports fans will be thrilled by the prospect of a football (soccer) match at the Santiago De Bernabeu, and there is an abundance of green spaces for families to enjoy.

Popular attractions in Madrid

The Prado (Museo Nacional del Prado)

The Prado Museum is one of the world's principal art galleries, housing around 7,600 paintings by artists such as Botticelli, Titian and Rembrandt.

Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum

Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza is located in the 18th-century Palacio de Villahermosa and is home to a vast collection of paintings, sculptures, carvings and tapestries by Renoir, Durer, Van Eyck and countless others.

Reina Sofia National Art Centre Museum

The Reina Sofia museum, designed to rival London's Tate Gallery, has an extraordinary collection of 20th-century Spanish art for expats to enjoy.

Plaza Mayor

Dating back to 1619, the Plaza Mayor square is a must-see for any expat in Madrid. Once the scene of knights' tournaments and medieval rituals, the centrally located arcade is now home to cafés and spontaneous music performances.

Ermita de San Antonio de la Florida (Goya’s Tomb)

Referred to as Goya's Sistine Chapel, the Ermita de San Antonio de la Florida is the final resting place of the famed artist. Goya himself painted the ceiling and designed the frescoes.

Parque del Buen Retiro

Originally the private garden of Philip IV, this central park is now a wonderful spot for expats and locals alike to enjoy the fountains, lakes and play areas or relax at one of the many outdoor cafés.

Corral de la Morería Flamenco

To get a true taste of Madrid, expats should head to Corral de la Morería, a world-renowned tablao flamenco  – a flamenco show restaurant.

Puerta del Sol

The Puerta del Sol plaza is home to iconic landmarks such as the Spanish clock tower that heralds the New Year, and the symbolic El Oso y El Madroño bear statue.

National Archaeological Museum of Spain

Founded in 1867, the National Archaeological Museum of Spain is a must-see attraction for any history buff living in Madrid. It boasts everything from prehistoric and Ancient Egyptian collections to exhibits from the modern age.

Sorolla Museum

Joaquín Sorolla was a celebrated Impressionist painter, and today his former home is a museum that exhibits a fantastic collection of his work, as well as paintbrushes, furniture and other personal belongings.

Expats moving to Madrid are likely to have many questions about adjusting to life in Spain's busiest city. Here are some answers to a few of the most frequently asked questions about expat life in Madrid.

How do expats deal with all the Spanish bureaucracy?

Dealing with Spain's red tape starts with an expat's work permit and continues once they arrive when it comes time to get an Empadronamiento or an NIE number or place their child in Spain's public school system. It is not easy, and it can be frustrating for expats that are used to more streamlined bureaucracy. Speaking Spanish, hiring a gestor or having a translator are all great options. 

What will be the most expensive aspects of living in Madrid?

Recent rapid growth has meant an increase in the cost of living, though salaries seem to be stagnating. Accommodation will be the largest cost for expats, as house and apartment rental prices are disproportionately high in urban centres. Private schools, for expats with school-aged children, are also pricier in Madrid compared to other parts of Spain.

Is Madrid safe?

Madrid is very safe in terms of violent crime. Evenings are usually active in downtown areas, and people feel safe walking home late at night. That said, petty crime does occur in Madrid. Expats should be mindful of pickpockets in crowded tourist areas and should be sure to lock their doors when they are not at home. Furthermore, if owning a car, it's best not to leave any possessions or valuables in clear view as this may invite a break-in.

Do I need a car in Madrid?

In short, probably not. There is excellent public transport in Madrid and unless an expat is planning to live in the city's outermost suburbs, they will have no problem getting around. That said, if expats do decide to buy a car in Spain, they should be prepared to feel the full brunt of Spain's bureaucratic culture.

Can foreign children attend Spanish schools in Madrid? 

While there are many international schools in Madrid that teach in foreign languages or are bilingual, there are also many Spanish schools that expat children can attend. Madrid has both public and private schools that teach classes in Spanish. If expats are wishing to immerse their children into the culture and language of their new home, it is recommended to send their children to one of these schools. 

Expats worried about getting around in Madrid can safely shelve their concerns. The city is simply marvellous when it comes to moving about easily and efficiently – it is central and equipped with an excellent metro system.

Add Spain's famous high-speed train network to the mix, and expats have no excuse not to explore the wider region and the country as a whole. 

Public transport in Madrid

Metro

Madrid’s metro reaches from the city centre into the outskirts and is one of the largest of its kind in the world. Stations are well distributed around the city and surrounding areas. There’s also a light rail system called the Cercanias, which works in conjunction with the underground metro but is a quicker option for getting around outside the city centre. To move around the city on the Metro, expats can buy a Multi card to top-up as they travel, and multiple people can also travel on one top-up card.  

Train

There is a highly effective system of trains in Madrid that extends all the way to the country's extremities, but also to closer areas and suburbs. These local trains are often quicker than the metro.  

When it comes to longer journeys, living in Madrid puts expat residents at the epicentre of domestic travel. One advantage of this is the AVE, Spain's high-speed train, which travels to and from several of the country's largest cities.

The trip isn't cheap, but the amount of time saved from not having to check bags or go through security lines makes it a sensible alternative to flying.

Bus

The bus network is a great alternative for getting to destinations the metro doesn't cover. Metro and bus tickets are interchangeable in the city centre and, similar to the train system, buses depart from Madrid’s centre and head in all directions. Madrid also has a night bus that covers most of the city and runs right through the night. Expats must keep in mind that single-ride tickets can be bought on the bus, but multiple-ride tickets are only available at metro stations. While they might be the most economical means of travelling outside of Madrid, buses often aren’t as comfortable or efficient as other options. 

Taxis in Madrid

Taxis are a popular way to get around in Madrid. They are reasonably priced, but to avoid getting 'taken for a ride' it is important for new arrivals to know where they are going and the best way to get there. While most taxi drivers do their job with integrity, by law a taxi is only obliged to take the cheapest route if the passenger indicates which route that is. 

There are multiple taxi ranks in the city, but taxis can also be hailed on the street. Alternatively, expats can book taxis in advance. 

Ride-hailing applications such as Uber and Cabify are also widely available in Madrid. These may be the best option for new arrivals who cannot speak Spanish or any of the local languages, as they mitigate the language barrier. 

Cycling in Madrid

While Madrid may not be quite as bike-friendly as other European destinations, things are changing to make commuting more comfortable for cyclists. Parts of the historic centre have become mixed-traffic spaces where pedestrians and cyclists have priority over cars. There is also a growing network of cycle paths running along the river and through the city's parks.  

Despite some restrictions during rush hour, bikes are also allowed on public transport. 

In addition to BiciMAD, Madrid's electric bike-sharing service, there are plenty of bike rental shops throughout the city. 

Driving in Madrid

Driving in Spain can be harrowing, as many local drivers don’t follow the rules of the road and drive quite aggressively. There’s also limited parking, and most expats living here find it far easier to get around on public transport.

Expats who do choose to drive and buy a car in Madrid should expect to deal with mountains of paperwork and challenges when driving in the city. Spain is infamous for its bureaucracy, and expats will need to secure an NIE number and driving permit or licence before hitting the road to enjoy their new set of wheels. See Transport and Driving in Spain for more on obtaining a driving licence in Spain.

When parking, people generally bump their way into parking spaces and care less for the condition of their car or that of others than one might be used to. Expect scrapes, scratches and dents – they are inevitable. Expats should also never leave anything of value visible in their car, or it may be broken into.