One of the world’s premier tourist destinations, Bangkok presents expats with a wholly different cultural environment within the familiar framework of a cosmopolitan, international city. Expats moving to Bangkok are usually mesmerised by its cityscape, which is carved by canals that branch out from the Chao Phraya River.

Snaking through the heart of the city, this natural feature not only shapes the city’s layout, but also daily life. The influence of the river and its canals can be seen in its many floating markets and the cultural customs of its residents.

Living in Bangkok as an expat

Bangkok is the capital of Thailand, its largest city and the centre of business, culture and politics. The majority of Bangkok's expat population moves to the city for the plethora of cultural attractions and work opportunities. While skilled expats can be found in industries such as finance and logistics, many foreigners find that teaching English is still the easiest way to make a living in the Thai capital, as jobs in this field are plentiful.

While the city contends with notorious traffic jams, expats who choose to use the city's efficient and relatively comprehensive public transport system will not only save money, but will also save time. 

Thanks to Bangkok's multicultural population and friendly locals, expats are unlikely to suffer severe culture shock in the Land of Smiles. While Bangkok's rental market is competitive, new arrivals to the city can easily find suitable accommodation in any of the city's areas and suburbs.

The key factor to securing a home in Bangkok is ensuring proximity to one's workplace or children's schools to avoid long and frustrating commutes. Expats moving to Bangkok should be aware that the city has high levels of air pollution, so it's essential to take precautionary measures such as wearing a mask and running an air purifier in their homes.

Cost of living in Bangkok

Overall, the cost of living in Thailand is low, but as is typical of a large capital city, Bangkok can be an expensive place to live. Having all the conveniences and amenities that big-city living provides comes at a cost, especially if expats choose to indulge in luxuries such as serviced apartments, fine dining and imported goods. The good news is that, with some planning, it's possible to live in Bangkok on a budget, especially if expats are willing to live a simpler lifestyle more akin to the Thai way of living.

Families and children in Bangkok

Bangkok is renowned for its vibrant entertainment scene and the warmth of its residents. It provides opportunities for everyone from, young, single expats to families, who can enjoy a laid-back lifestyle without sacrificing the quality of international schools and healthcare facilities. The city has even become a popular medical tourism destination thanks to the high level of healthcare available at affordable rates.

Parents will also have plenty to see and do with their children at the weekend, as Bangkok offers many family-friendly attractions. Despite its reputation as a concrete jungle, Bangkok also boasts a fair few green spaces and water parks for families to enjoy throughout the city. 

Climate in Bangkok

Heat and humidity are the prevailing weather conditions in this tropical city. During the hot season from March to May, the mercury frequently reaches and exceeds 30°C (86°F). The wet season arrives just as temperatures start to wind down around the end of May. Downpours are frequent, so it's best to get into the habit of carrying an umbrella. In November, the rain abates with the arrival of the cool season, which still has pleasant temperatures around the 68°F (20°C) mark.

Sun-loving expats moving to Bangkok are sure to enjoy the many perfect beach days that the city offers between the wet and hot seasons. Whatever the weather, the vibrancy of Bangkok is hard to beat, and the city has a lot to offer new arrivals should they come with an open mind and a sense of adventure.

Expats relocating to Bangkok should take note that this is one of the hottest cities in the world. With a hot, tropical climate, daytime temperatures are commonly above 30°C (86°F) throughout the year with November to February being the driest time of year.

Spring, which typically runs from March to May is the hottest and most humid time of the year. The rainy season runs from May to October. During the wet season, rain is common throughout the day, and it’s wise to invest in a good umbrella. The rainy season is often accompanied by monsoon winds that can lead to flooding in low-lying areas. Expats who find themselves caught in a flood are advised to follow all official safety regulations. 

Bangkok is a vibrant city, full of life. From the fascinating culture to the friendly people, living in the Thai capital is an enriching experience. As with any city, however, there are pros and cons to moving to Bangkok, and we explore them below. 

Accommodation in Bangkok

+ PRO: Lots of variety

Bangkok has a wide variety of accommodation at a range of prices. Whether an expat is looking for an apartment, a condo, a townhouse, or a standalone house, there's something for everyone.

Cost of living in Bangkok

+ PRO: Possible to live extremely cheaply

Expats often find that things such as electrical goods, entertainment, living and eating expenses are far less expensive in Thailand than in their home country. There are restaurants to suit every budget, and the many street stalls make it possible to enjoy authentic Thai food at an exceptionally low price. 

- CON: High price of alcohol

With unfavourable currency conversions and tax added to the price of imported wine, getting a decent bottle without paying a hefty price can be a challenge, even when buying from a supermarket. If you ask around among the locals, however, you may be able to scout out a few places to get wine at a slightly better price. Buying other imported goods such as Western food or ‘home comforts’ can also become pricey.

Culture shock in Bangkok

+ PRO: Inexpensive and high quality

Visiting a hospital or dentist in Bangkok is like walking through the doors of an expensive hotel without dreading the bill afterwards. Most hospitals are easy to get to and most medical practitioners are fluent English speakers. After registering, the patient will be quickly seen, with the relevant tests undertaken in a timely and efficient manner. Securing a consultation with a specialist doctor is also relatively easy.

- CON: Unnecessary tests

Whilst a visit to the hospital or dentist may not be expensive, it's common to hear about patients being sent for unnecessary tests, only to end up with a simple diagnosis such as the flu or a virus. This can often result in excessive costs. While a person's health shouldn't be put at risk for fear of being taken advantage of, it is something to maintain an awareness of. 

Transport in Bangkok

+ PRO: Cheap and a large variety

Transport is cheap and plentiful. There’s the BTS Skytrain, which runs above all the traffic on the roads, and the MRT (underground metro). That's not to mention buses, tuk-tuks, taxis and motorbike taxis. The BTS and MRT are air-conditioned, a welcomed relief on hot days, and the two are linked at certain stations. Getting around Bangkok is both affordable and in many instances efficient and clean.

- CON: Traffic jams

It is well known that dealing with heavy traffic is a consequence of living in Bangkok, but it doesn’t mean that travelling around the city is as difficult and laborious as one may be led to believe. There are many great options for avoiding traffic – they just require thinking ahead and planning journeys accordingly. That said, expats who choose to drive are likely to find rush hour traffic a headache.

Lifestyle in Bangkok

+ PRO: Variety of experiences

There is an endless variety of shopping experiences all over the city which cater to all sorts of budgets. The city's many markets are perfect for those who are looking for a bargain and like to barter, while in the high-end shopping malls, just about anything can be bought.

+ PRO: Lively nightlife

Expats who enjoy a night out on the town will love the nightlife scene in Bangkok. The city boasts everything from sophisticated rooftop bars and disco clubs to hidden dive bars, where drinks will cost a tad less. 

For expats who have secured a job beforehand, working in Bangkok can be the doorway to a life of luxury. On the other hand, expats who arrive in the Thai capital looking for work often have a challenging job search ahead of them that can lead to being underpaid and unhappy with their expat experience in the country.

Job market in Bangkok

Despite being the epicentre of sporadic political unrest, Bangkok has a relatively stable economy. This economy relies heavily on foreign investment. While investors remain cautious, it seems that the city’s economic situation is likely to go from strength to strength.

The economy in Bangkok is largely built on its retail, real estate, business, finance and automotive industries. It also hosts the Thailand Stock Exchange and houses the headquarters of most major banks in Thailand as well as a number of multinational companies.

Owing to high levels of inequality, expats can expect to live differently from the majority of locals. Expats arriving in Bangkok after securing a job usually make more money than those who look for a job while already in the country. These expats, in turn, often earn more than the locals themselves.

Despite this, Thailand is renowned for having unemployment rates in the low single digits, and if an expat has the right skills and qualifications, they can usually find a job. It is important to remember, however, that a Thai work permit is usually required for expats to stay and work in the country.

Popular job opportunities in Bangkok often come in the form of teaching English, while highly skilled expats can usually be found working in the financial sector and logistics industry.

Finding a job in Bangkok

The best way for expats to find a job in Bangkok is through online resources, preferably before they arrive in the country. English-language Thai newspapers and expat social media groups are another valuable source of information for finding work.

Relocation packages usually include help with accommodation and, especially for highly skilled expats, may sometimes offer luxuries such as a car and driver.

Work culture in Bangkok

Business etiquette in Thailand will be familiar to most expats. The traditional wai greeting, where a person bows slightly with their palms pressed together, is quickly being replaced by the standard Western handshake. This is at least partially because many Thai businesses realise the importance of being able to communicate globally.

As with the rest of the country, businesses and companies in Bangkok are usually open from Monday to Friday, with a half day on Saturdays. Opening times differ between businesses, however; a bank branch may be open from 8.30am to 4pm while some shopping malls are open until 10pm.

Famous for its vibrant street life, cultural landmarks and red-light districts, Bangkok is Thailand’s only cosmopolitan city among small towns and villages. While the general cost of living in Thailand is sensible, the cost of living in Bangkok can be expensive depending on how expats choose to live.

The 2023 Mercer Cost of Living survey ranked Bangkok as the 105th most expensive city for expats out of the 227 cities surveyed. Fortunately, expats working in Bangkok earn high salaries and can enjoy an excellent quality of life while building a solid nest egg.

Cost of accommodation in Bangkok

As is the case in most major cities, the closer to the centre one lives, the more expensive accommodation will be. Bangkok is well known for its traffic jams, so commuting may not be an attractive option for many. Owing to this, most expats live in serviced apartments in the city centre and the areas and suburbs close to public transport hubs. These typically come with cleaning services and sought-after amenities, such as gyms and swimming pools.

Non-serviced apartments are also available at more reasonable rates. Expat families generally live in Western-style suburban gated communities on the outskirts of Bangkok, but this option is significantly pricier. Expats will also need to account for utilities, which can add up quickly due to Bangkok’s hot weather and the need for air conditioning.

Cost of transport in Bangkok

Bangkok boasts an efficient and extensive public transport infrastructure. Expats will have access to the BTS Skytrain and MRT at fairly reasonable prices. Expats may also purchase the reloadable Rabbit card to reduce their commuting expenses. Taxis are also abundant and are a cost-effective way to get around Bangkok.

Expats who can brave Bangkok’s congestion and erratic driving can save by hiring or purchasing a motorbike. Those looking for a more adventurous mode of transport should look no further than the tuk-tuks and songthaews. That said, tuk-tuks can be quite steep as they are mainly geared towards tourists.

Cost of groceries in Bangkok

The cost of groceries in Bangkok will largely depend on an expat's individual preferences. Expats who prefer to buy imported Western brands will shell out quite handsomely for them, while those who buy local products and shop at local supermarkets will have a fairly low grocery bill. It can also be quite cheap for single expats to buy street food rather than buying groceries monthly. 

Expats who have some money to spare can visit shops such as Gourmet Market and Villa Market, which sell high-quality and speciality fresh produce, cheeses and wines. Tesco Lotus and Tops Market offer a wide range of groceries at more reasonable prices. 

Cost of eating out and entertainment in Bangkok

Bangkok is a foodie’s paradise, with an abundance of street food markets and fine dining restaurants. The Thai capital is most famous for incredibly cheap and tasty street fare. Still, expats yearning for a taste of home will be catered for with more than 20 Michelin-starred restaurants serving cuisine from around the world at a slightly higher but still affordable cost.

Thanks to Bangkok’s three red-light districts, revellers will not be disappointed in the city’s nightlife and lifestyle options. Expats can find everything from budget bars to high-end clubs offering pricier drinks and entrance fees.

Cost of healthcare in Bangkok

Bangkok, and Thailand as a whole, boast modern and relatively affordable healthcare services. As such, medical tourism has become one of the biggest industries in the country. Expats who are legally working in Bangkok can access the public healthcare system using the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS). The quality of care at public healthcare facilities is generally adequate, but can vary throughout the city.

Expats who can afford it typically purchase private health insurance to access private hospitals and specialists while avoiding long waiting times. This option is still relatively cheap in Bangkok but can vary depending on coverage level, age and health status. 

Cost of education in Bangkok

Thailand, and Bangkok in particular, boasts an exceptional public education system. The only downsides are that public schooling is not free for expat children, and the language of instruction is Thai. For that reason, most expat parents send their children to expensive international schools. Some expats may be lucky enough to have this cost included as part of their relocation package, those who don’t will need to budget carefully.

Cost of living in Bangkok chart

Prices vary depending on the product and service provider. These are the average costs for Bangkok in September 2023.

Expat accommodation in Bangkok is highly varied. No matter how big an expat’s family is or what type of home they prefer, price and proximity will be the most important considerations when finding housing in the Thai capital.

Frustrating commutes are common, and the city’s regular traffic jams inspire many expats working in Bangkok's centre to live close to their workplace. The same line of reasoning applies to families who have children attending international schools.

The efficient BTS Skytrain, which runs across the city, has helped to reduce commute times and relieve traffic congestion. That said, the Skytrain does not reach all areas of Bangkok and commuting to a BTS station can be as woeful as commuting to work.

Areas and suburbs in Bangkok

Expats looking for accommodation in Bangkok will have plenty of options when it comes to areas and suburbs in the city. The city is home to 50 administrative districts which are divided into 12 clusters, so expats can easily find a suitable home close to their workplace or children's schools. Most expats initially moving to Bangkok initially live in Sukhumvit thanks to its central location and excellent transport links. Sukhumvit is home to a variety of accommodation options, ranging from luxury condos to reasonably priced apartments in lower Sukhumvit.

Some of the most popular neighbourhoods within Sukhumvit include Victory Monument, Ari, Silom and Sathorn. Most of these areas have lively restaurants, cafés and bars while others even feature the occasional green space. 

While Bangkok may largely be a concrete jungle, the city has pockets of green spaces that cater well to families looking to escape the hustle and bustle of the city centre. Expat families who prefer the premium side of life will feel right at home in Riverside. This neighbourhood boasts spectacular views of the Chao Phraya River and has luxury condos and apartments. Nonthaburi, Chatuchak and Samut Prakan are some of the other family-friendly suburbs in Bangkok that offer freestanding homes, access to parks and several child-friendly attractions. 

Read more about Areas and Suburbs in Bangkok.

Types of accommodation in Bangkok

Housing in Bangkok is as varied as the city itself. Many expats prefer fully serviced apartments that resemble hotels. These usually come furnished and offer services such as cleaning staff and a lobby area as well as amenities such as small gyms or swimming pools. Non-serviced apartments are usually a less expensive option, but often require a longer-term commitment. These tend to resemble Western apartments but come in a variety of styles.

The quality of accommodation in Bangkok varies and expats generally get what they pay for. In higher-end serviced apartments, most expats report that the standard of housing is similar to what they would find in their home country.

On the outer edges of the city, expat families can find Western-style houses in gated communities similar to suburban housing communities in the USA. These get progressively pricier closer to downtown areas, peaking in the city centre.

Finding accommodation in Bangkok

The most popular options for finding accommodation in Bangkok are online property portals, the property sections of newspapers and rental agencies. Another way of finding a place to live in Bangkok is to shortlist a few desirable neighbourhoods and explore the area in person, looking for properties available to rent.

Apartment buildings in Bangkok often have an information office or a building manager who can let prospective tenants know about any available rentals. Many of these may not speak English, however, especially outside major tourist areas. It would be worthwhile for expats who decide on this approach to bring a Thai friend with them.

Renting accommodation in Bangkok

Making an application

Foreigners looking to rent accommodation in Bangkok must prepare a copy of their passports and work permits, if this is applicable to them. They will then need to negotiate their rental agreement with their landlord. 

As is the case anywhere, expats occasionally have landlord issues in Thailand. A few basic precautions can be taken to avoid this, such as doing a thorough inspection of the property, taking photos of any existing damage, keeping any correspondence with the landlord and keeping rental receipts.

Leases, costs and fees

After settling on an apartment, expats usually have to sign a fixed-term contract. It often happens that the longer a person commits to staying in an apartment, the better the monthly rental rate will be. Tenants are usually expected to pay a deposit of two months' rent along with their initial payment of the first month's rent in advance. Assuming that the property is in good condition, the deposit will be returned at the end of the lease period.

Have a look at Accommodation in Thailand for detailed information on the rental processes in the country. 

Utilities

Although this may not always be the case with some apartment rentals, it is usually the responsibility of the tenant to pay the cost of utilities in Bangkok. 

Electricity

Some expats will have their electricity and water bills included as part of their rent, but this usually means they will pay more than they actually should for these services. If possible, it's recommended for expats to pay their electricity bills themselves. The Metropolitan Electricity Authority (MEA) is the main electricity distributor in Bangkok. 

Expats who need to transfer an account into their name or set up a new one must provide the MEA with their proof of identification, lease agreement and proof of ownership document, which is supplied by the landlord. Tenants can set up a direct debit from their bank account or visit a 7-11 to pay their monthly electricity bills. 

Gas

Residents who have a gas stove in their homes must buy a refillable propane gas cylinder, as there is currently no mains gas in Thailand. Propane gas is used for cooking in homes while natural gas is largely used for electricity generation processes. 

Water

While the tap water in Bangkok is considered safe to drink, most locals and expats choose to drink bottled or filtered water for fear of E. coli. The drinking water in Bangkok is sourced from the Chao Phraya and Mae Klong Rivers and its purification and distribution is managed by the Metropolitan Waterworks Authority of Thailand (MWA). 

Most landlords will arrange for water connections before tenants move in. Expats can call or visit a local MWA branch office to set up a water connection. Typically, they will require proof of identification, the lease agreement and proof of ownership from the landlord. Tenants are encouraged to arrange service connection at least a week in advance. 

Bins and recycling

Although there is no formal recycling programme in Bangkok, the city's government is taking active steps to encourage recycling, reusing and reducing waste. Furthermore, Bangkok's government has pledged to only use recycled plastics by 2027. The Metropolitan Administration of Bangkok is responsible for waste collection and management in the city. 

Residents in Bangkok are encouraged to separate their waste into compostable, recyclable, general and hazardous waste. Waste collection is by appointment, meaning households are responsible for bringing waste to collection points on their designated collection days. The sorted waste is usually put into separate compartments from unsorted waste for separation at the next point.

Recyclable materials in Bangkok are usually collected by waste collectors who make a living by selling these to private recycling companies. Expats looking to contribute to Bangkok's recycling efforts can separate their recyclable materials for these waste collectors or sell them to private recycling companies such as Wongpanit themselves. 

Useful links

• See the MEA's website to learn more about electricity connection and disconnection processes in Bangkok.
• Expats can have a look at MWA's sites for more on water connections and bill payments in Thailand. 
• Eco-conscious expats in Bangkok can visit Wongpanit and the Bangkok Metropolitan's websites for more on recycling in the city. 
• Keeping in Touch in Thailand has more on phone and internet connections in the city. 

The best places to live in Bangkok

Over the years, Bangkok has experienced something of a facelift. Where there were once humble wooden homes, there are now luxury high-rise apartment buildings, promoting themselves as must-haves for those who want a cosmopolitan life with all the mod cons.

For many expats moving to Bangkok, these luxury residences come at a far more affordable price than similar accommodation in their home country.

City living in Bangkok

Many expats favour living right in the heart of Bangkok. The centre of the city is in proximity to the sleek and stylish Bangkok Sky Train as well as shopping malls, hospitals, museums, good schools, nightclubs, bars and international restaurants, not to mention plenty of green areas. The middle of town is also the primary place of business – for many expats, being near work and having access to the area's amenities is an attractive option.

Nevertheless, while the pros are obvious, so are the cons. The quality of air in the city centre is poor, playgrounds and parks are fairly rare, and red-light areas are abundant. These aspects are more obvious in some neighbourhoods, and while the adventurous singleton can easily brush the risqué elements aside, expat families may prefer not to have to constantly dodge curious questions from their children.

Sukhumvit

Located in the Sukhumvit area, Ekkamai is one of the best neighbourhoods in Bangkok, with excellent public transport links and easy access to wonderful leisure options and restaurants. Phrom Pong is another popular area among young professionals and single expats looking to be within Bangkok's centre. People from all walks of life – expat retirees, engineers, journalists, teachers and UN workers – are found living in these areas, either with family or by themselves.

Sathorn

Expats who have a few bucks to spare will feel right at home in Sathorn. This area has plenty of luxury accommodation options with Western modern conveniences such as gyms and swimming pools. Moreover, Sathorn is centrally located, and its residents will have access to nightlife, public transport and gorgeous green spaces. 

However, being able to enjoy the privileges of city living will add to an expat’s monthly rent. For those with the time and energy, it is recommended to go on foot and see first-hand what kind of value there is in each area because many places that offer great value for money do not advertise. 

Silom

Dubbed the 'Wall Street' of Bangkok, Silom is the city's business hub and is the perfect base for professionals who want to be close to work without sacrificing amenities. While Silom may be home to a sea of skyscrapers, it is also chock-full of nightlife and dining establishments to keep its residents entertained. The main form of accommodation here are pricey condominiums and some apartments. Silom also boasts proximity to other major hubs such as Charoen Kung and Siam. 

Suburban living in Bangkok

The heavy urban sprawl of Bangkok unfurls from the central downtown areas into many exclusive private housing estates. The Bangkok Sky Train extending towards the east and south of the city has presented an opportunity for expats to escape the city centre, set up base in the fresh air of suburbs, and still commute using public transport.

Naturally, these estates favour families moving to Bangkok rather than single expats. They are generally quiet and safe to live in, and some of these areas also play host to some excellent international schools. The downside is having to contend with a daily commute to and from work. 

There are, however, some areas which offer freestanding houses that are closer to the city. Demand for real estate in these areas is high, though, meaning that properties are pricier and are a bit closer together than houses in areas further from the city centre. These places often have easy access to public transport as well as amenities such as shopping centres, schools, hospitals, parks and tourist attractions.

Nonthaburi

Built on two sides of the Chao Phraya River, Nonthaburi is home to a range of gated neighbourhoods and shopping malls, making it the perfect home for expat families. The suburb is also home to many government offices as well as floating and traditional markets. Well-to expat families who can afford living here can access the area's green spaces and the exceptional international schools. 

Chatuchak

With plenty of green spaces and a distinctly residential feel, Chatuchak is an excellent base for families. The area is located just outside Bangkok, but is located close to a BTS station. Chatuchak is well-known for the famous Chatuchak Weekend Market and is also home to a renowned hospital as well as public and international schools. 

Samut Prakan

While not the most popular among expats, Samut Prakan is home to a fair few international schools and child-friendly attractions such as the Crocodile Farm. There are also plenty of malls, bars and restaurants to suit the entire family. Parents working in Bangkok's centre must brace themselves for a long commute as Samut Prakan is located southeast of the city. 

Education is a high priority for expats moving to Thailand with children. While some public schools in Bangkok are excellent, due to varying quality, others are overcrowded and internationally uncompetitive. There is also a host of good private schools in Bangkok for expat parents to consider enrolling their children in.

International schools in the city offer expat parents all that they would expect of a good school, including high-quality amenities, a wide selection of extramural activities and highly qualified teachers. 

Public schools in Bangkok

Bangkok in particular is home to most of the country's best public schools, many of which are associated with top universities that use the school to train student teachers. Admission to these schools can be competitive, so it's best to apply well ahead of time.

Public education in Bangkok is free for Thai nationals up to the age of 15, whereafter most schools will charge fees. Foreign nationals can attend public schools, but they don't qualify for free schooling at any point, unfortunately. In addition to tuition, parents must pay for books, stationery and school uniforms. Teaching is entirely in Thai, which can be a dealbreaker for some parents.

Read Education and Schools in Thailand to learn more about the public education system. 

English Programme schools in Thailand

The English Programme (EP) is a government initiative offered by several public and private schools. In an EP class, almost all subjects are taught in English by a teacher hired from abroad. Some schools have more comprehensive EPs than others – classes may be held in a small section of a Thai-speaking school or larger programmes may be set in entirely separate buildings.

Both public and private schools with EPs charge Thai nationals and expats for these classes. Though private schools are pricier than public schools, fees are still well below those of international schools. Similar to public schools, the quality of EPs varies, so parents are encouraged to do thorough research and contact the university associated with a particular school to verify its cooperation with the school. 

For families who plan to live in Thailand long-term, English Programme schools may be the best option. They offer an opportunity for children to develop closer links to Thai culture and society while still giving them access to a bilingual education.

International schools in Bangkok

Bangkok’s international schools usually follow the curriculum of other countries, the most popular being the British and American systems. 

The vast majority of international schools in Bangkok will require prospective students to write entrance tests and undergo a rigorous application process due to the limited number of places they offer. Some international schools will only accept students of a particular nationality.

The International Schools Association of Thailand (ISAT) lists all the member schools and, although there are other schools that offer a good standard of education, all ISAT members meet international standards. The best international schools in Bangkok can be extremely costly, depending on the age of the child, and will usually have a fairly long waiting list.

Useful links

• Read International Schools in Bangkok for more on the city's top international schools. 
• Visit the International Schools Association of Thailand's website to review member schools. 

Special-needs education in Thailand

By law, learning difficulties qualify for state assistance, but this is rarely enforced in practice. This is largely due to the fact that inclusive education was only legislated in 2008. In the public system, special education teachers are scarce despite there being a demand for them, and resources are limited if available at all.

Many international schools offer support for special needs, but this is often at an additional price on top of standard fees. The level of support varies from school to school, so it's worthwhile to investigate different options.

Tutors in Thailand

The staggering private tuition industry in Thailand emerged from the necessity to prepare students for the fiercely competitive university admissions exams. The industry has seen considerable growth in response to the high demand for private tuition.

Local tutors can be a useful resource for local and expat families. They can assist with problem subjects and can support students in developing sound study strategies and essay-writing skills. For expats, tutors are especially useful in smoothing the transition of an expat child into a new environment, and they can help them with learning to speak Thai.

There are a number of international schools in Bangkok, all of which cater to different nationalities and follow various curricula, including that of the US, the UK and Australia. The International Baccalaureate is also a common curriculum. Bangkok's international schools are popular with expats and locals for the good standard of education they offer.

The standards and popularity of these schools also mean that places are limited and prices are usually much higher than public education. Some of the most popular international schools in Bangkok are listed below. 

International schools in Bangkok

Verso International School

Verso International School is on a mission to develop Citizen Designers. The school offers an American curriculum that focuses on cultivating future-ready skills in its students. Moreover, learning at Verso International School is individualised, interdisciplinary and project-based. 

American School of Bangkok

With two campuses in Bangkok, the American School of Bangkok offers modern and beautiful learning facilities in the heart of Bangkok. The Green Valley campus offers boarding facilities, where students can experience the best of Bangkok's natural landscape. The school creates a multicultural environment that enables students to develop into lifelong leaders. 

Gender: Co-educational 
Curriculum: American (including Advanced Placement) 
Ages: 3 to 18
Website: www.asb.ac.th

Australian International School Bangkok

Established in 2002, the Australian International School Bangkok is a mid-sized international school with over 500 students of 40 nationalities. The school prides itself on fostering a tight-knit school community that drives academic excellence. 

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: Australian and British (Cambridge IGCSE and A-Levels)
Age: 1.5 to 18
Website: www.australianisb.ac.th

International School Bangkok

International School Bangkok (ISB) is a non-profit school that provides a personalised and rigorous education. With students of over 60 nationalities, ISB offers a truly multicultural school community, where learners can grow into caring and prepared global citizens. 

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: American and International Baccalaureate
Age: 3 to 18
Website: www.isb.ac.th

Bangkok is a feast of sights and sounds. Restaurants, bars, nightclubs, shopping malls, open markets, golf courses, temples, parks and an array of exotic scents all combine to make up the lifestyle in Bangkok. New and established expats will find that the lifestyle in Bangkok offers them plenty to see and do.

A weekend in Bangkok can fly by in a blur, and whether a foreign resident takes the tourist route through the city's countless side streets or prefers to settle in and rub shoulders with the locals, there's never a dull moment. 

Shopping in Bangkok

From trinkets found at the city’s famous floating markets to high-end fashion, Bangkok has it all when it comes to shopping. Expats merely have to decide if they are in the mood to trawl street stalls for the perfect bargain, or if they'd prefer the easy access of mega malls which house everything from cinemas to bowling alleys and even the odd aquarium.

For fans of shopping malls, an entire weekend in Bangkok can be spent at Siam Paragon, which is easily accessible by the BTS Sky Train. Other major malls are Iconsiam, CentralWorld and CentralPlaza WestGate.

Those after a more authentic shopping experience can try out Bangkok’s ever-popular open markets. Chatuchak Weekend Market, said to be one of the world’s largest flea markets, provides excellent value for everything unusual and unique that the country has to offer. 

Nightlife in Bangkok

Bangkok comes to life at night, and new arrivals eager to spend a weekend in the city will have no trouble finding a variety of vibrant entertainment venues to pop into. Whether expats want to let their hair down and dance the night away or prefer to sip on cocktails at sophisticated rooftop bars, there's something for everyone in Bangkok. Sukhumvit is popular with expats and tourists alike, while Royal City Avenue tends to be frequented by a more local crowd.

Eating out in Bangkok

Locals in Bangkok are passionate about food. It won't be long before expats begin to understand what food means to the locals and to appreciate the amazing variety in Bangkok. Whether a streetside noodle dish with homemade broth or a local vendor concocting spicy somtam, a plethora of exciting dishes are available, tasty and reasonably priced.

Naturally, every expat experiences a yearning for different options or something that tastes like home, Bangkok happily obliges with a host of bars and restaurants offering good quality international dining options, but at much higher prices.

Sports and outdoor activities in Bangkok

Dotted around Bangkok are a few green parks which offer residents the chance to enjoy a picnic, paddle around the pond, walk the dog, play with their children, or simply take a break from the rushed pace of city living.

Bangkok is the perfect place to try Muay Thai, a form of Thai boxing. Those wanting to escape the soaring outdoor temperatures will find several reputable gyms and yoga studios throughout Bangkok. There are also plenty of great cycling and running routes in and around the city.

Alternatively, those looking for something a bit different always have the option of heading out to a golf course. There are plenty of quality courses situated around Bangkok which offer excellent value for money.

Where to meet people and make friends in Bangkok

One of the most daunting parts of moving to a new city is making connections and building relationships with new people. Below are a few suggestions for expats looking to meet new people in Bangkok. 

New Zealand Society Thailand

Established in 1976, the New Zealand Society Thailand hosts a variety of cultural, sporting and social events for Kiwis living in Bangkok to connect with their culture. 

AFL Bangkok Casuals League

The AFL Bangkok Casuals League is the most popular expat amateur league in Thailand. Expats of all fitness and experience levels are welcome to join and build lifelong friendships with both locals and expats. 

Bangkok Mothers and Babies International (BAMBI)

BAMBI is a non-profit volunteer organisation providing an opportunity for connection for expecting mothers and mothers with young children of all nationalities. The group provides pre- and post-natal support while also organising playgroups and activities for young children around the city. 

Bangkok Toastmasters Club

Expats who would like to develop their communication and leadership skills while building relationships with people from all over the world will love the Bangkok Toastmasters Club. This non-profit organisation offers a supportive environment for its members to nurture their public speaking skills. 

Expats who are considering moving to the Thai capital may wonder about how children in Bangkok keep themselves busy. Despite its frenetic nature, however, there are plenty of child-friendly activities and attractions in the city.

New arrivals will find that the weather often dictates how expat families in Bangkok spend their time. During the summer, the city's various water parks are full of visitors looking to cool off, while the frequent bursts of tropical rain are perfect for a day of indoor activities.  

Outdoor activities for kids in Bangkok

When the Thai summer is in full swing, families can head down to one of the many water parks in Bangkok. Siam Park City is one of the most popular of these. Children of all ages can spend an entire day riding down the slippery slides or splashing in its countless pools. There is also an amusement park with rides and activities to suit all ages. Other popular parks include the Pororo Water Park and Fantasia Lagoon, which is situated on the roof of the Mall Bangkae.

Older children might enjoy the FlowRider at Flow House in Bangkok. Here they can learn to surf in the middle of the city, courtesy of the wave machine. Those who prefer to enjoy the water from a distance could also take a boat trip down the Chao Phraya River and its many canals.

Indoor activities for kids in Bangkok

One of the most interesting children's activities in Bangkok is KidZania, a scaled-down indoor city where children get an opportunity to be grown-ups and take part in the local 'economy'. Here, children can be everything from dentists to mechanics in a controlled environment, learning and having fun while earning in KidZo – the official currency of KidZania.

There is also a wide range of museums in Bangkok dedicated to everything from the human body to Batman – although some of them would be better suited to older children. Those wanting a family-friendly way to learn about their new home should visit the Museum of Siam. Set in a neoclassical building, its combination of old and ultra-modern influences creates a fascinating journey into Thai history and culture. 

An eclectic city with everything from Buddhist temples to sophisticated rooftop bars, Bangkok has plenty for expats to see and do. While its seedier side sometimes gets the most attention, the whole city is filled with a variety of attractions to suit almost anyone’s tastes.

As a popular tourist destination, Bangkok welcomes millions of foreigners every year. The city's character is a unique mixture of glitz and grit, and expats can enjoy a wide variety of cultural and historical attractions. 

Attractions in Bangkok

Damnoen Saduak Floating Market

Dating back to ancient times when water transport was an important part of daily life in Thailand, the city’s various floating markets are a reminder of a bygone time and a major tourist attraction. Chief among these is the Damnoen Saduak Floating Market, about an hour outside the city centre. Shoppers can explore the market with a guided boat tour, loading up on all kinds of cargo bought from floating stalls along the way.

Bangkok National Museum

As one of the largest museums in Southeast Asia, the Bangkok National Museum is sure to have something to interest everyone. Founded in 1887, the museum has a rich history and, today, it's housed in a former palace. With exhibited items dating back up to thousands of years, this is an excellent way to learn more about Thai history and culture.

The Grand Palace

The official royal residence since the 18th century, the Grand Palace is now largely used for ceremonial purposes and remains one of the most famous attractions in Bangkok. Located in the heart of the city on the banks of the Chao Phraya River, it showcases two centuries of construction and history in a variety of beautiful structures. It also houses the Temple of the Emerald Buddha.

Tilleke & Gibbins Museum of Counterfeit Goods

Bangkok is famous as a hub of copyright infringement, where a close copy of just about anything can be bought at much lower prices than the real thing. The Museum of Counterfeit Goods challenges the common perception that selling and buying such goods is a victimless crime. Run by a high-profile law firm specialising in intellectual property law, the museum showcases thousands of confiscated fakes to the public.

Wat Arun (Temple of Dawn)

One of the best-known sights of Southeast Asia, the Temple of Dawn is popular for its unique yet beautiful architecture and its colourful spires. Climbing to the top of the central spire is challenging, but those up to the task are rewarded with stunning views. Visitors should be sure to dress modestly, however, as it is an active site of worship for Buddhists.

Wat Pho (Temple of the Reclining Buddha)

Known for being the home of one of Thailand's first massage schools, Wat Pho's history goes back to the 18th century. Its centrepiece, the reclining Buddha, is 43m (151ft) long and covered in gold leaf. The Buddha's feet are intricately decorated with inlaid mother-of-pearl. This remarkable sight is matched by an impressive temple complex containing everything from the ashes of kings to a Bodhi tree said to have grown from the tree that Buddha sat under when he attained enlightenment.

Given its reputation for revelry, it is hardly surprising that there's always some kind of festival or celebration going on in Bangkok.

The various annual events in Bangkok reflect its unique character, combining traditional Thai celebrations, Buddhist ceremonies and contemporary festivities with a more modern feel.

Some of the most popular, not-to-be-missed annual events in Bangkok are listed below. 

Annual events in Bangkok

National Children's Day (January)

The second Saturday of January is dedicated to children across the country and in Bangkok. Young children can ride the MRT and BTS for free, visit the Museum of Siam and have their picture taken in the prime minister's office. Most malls will also offer children discounts and host various activities to keep them entertained. 

Chinese New Year (February)

With one of the largest Chinatowns in the world, Bangkok celebrates the Chinese New Year in its own unique style. Expats should dress in red, head down to Chinatown and enjoy the merriment, moon cakes and firecrackers.

Songkran Festival (April)

The Songkran Festival is a three-day celebration of the traditional Thai New Year. The festival was extended to seven days in 2018 to allow people to travel, even though the celebratory events still take place over three days. People all over the city douse each other with water in a symbolic ceremony of purification and cleansing to prepare for the next year. It's a great way for expats who aren’t afraid of getting wet to enjoy Thai culture.

Amazing Thailand Grand Sale (July to August)

An initiative by the Tourism Authority of Thailand, Amazing Thailand Grand Sale transforms Bangkok into a shopper's paradise. Each year, more than 10,000 shops and vendors from all over the country converge on the city to offer the year's best deals. From the city’s biggest malls and hotels to a good number of roadside stalls, expat shoppers will be able to find bargains on everything from designer clothes to traditional handicrafts.  

Vegetarian Festival (September/October)

For two weeks in late September or early October, vegetarian expats will have no problem finding good food in Bangkok. Although it's observed across the country, Bangkok's celebrations are centred in Chinatown. Religious rites are performed at Chinese temples, and participating restaurants and stalls around the city wave yellow and red flags to signal they are taking part. Expats should be sure to see a few of the various cultural performances that take place and try the mouthwatering vegetarian dishes that abound in the city during this time. 

Bangkok Marathon (November)

Established in 1987, the Bangkok Marathon is said to be one of the world's toughest due to the extreme temperatures the city sees in November. This is all the more reason for new residents to cheer on the runners taking part in this gruelling race, or even take up the challenge of participating themselves.

Loy Krathong (November)

Loy Krathong sees residents gathering on the banks of the Chao Phraya River to place floating baskets containing lit candles on the water. Expats can then watch as thousands of them float away, flickering towards the horizon.

Many people believe in different meanings for this event, and expats will therefore have the chance to form a personal meaning. Some say it honours the Water Goddess, and others view it as a way to cast off negative feelings. Regardless, it's one of the most visually stunning annual events in Bangkok.

Expats moving to Bangkok will undoubtedly have questions about their new home. Below are the answers to some of the most frequently asked questions about expat life in the Thai Capital. 

Is Bangkok safe?

Bangkok is surprisingly safe considering the large income disparity and even larger population. Westerners, in particular, are treated with the utmost respect, and expats in general are nearly always welcomed rather than treated with hostility.

Most apartment complexes and hotels hire a security guard. Hospitals are extremely safe and expats shouldn't be concerned about political violence as long as they stay clear of protests.

Is Bangkok accessible for children?

The city can be great for children. One drawback is pollution, but medical treatment is top-notch. There are also many water parks, zoos and other activities to capture a child's imagination, and private schools are of excellent quality. Often city neighbourhoods act as communities, and it is common for children to be looked after and, in part, raised by the neighbours.

Will I need to learn Thai?

There are so many expats in Bangkok that it is easy to circulate in primarily English-speaking crowds and hangouts. That said, many locals cannot speak English, especially outside of Bangkok in more rural areas. Learning some rudimentary words and sentences will go a long way to enhancing the experience of the country.

Do I need a car?

No, expats definitely don't need a car in Bangkok. In fact, public transport, such as the Sky Train, tuk-tuks and subway, is much faster than driving. Frustrating traffic jams are also regular parts of any commute. Unfortunately, public transport does not reach all areas of the city, but there are plenty of taxis and motorbike taxis available.

Expats won't have any trouble getting around in Bangkok, as transport options are endless. Most expats tend to favour public transport, particularly the city's BTS Skytrain, and taxis are also popular. Travelling by foot is not ideal in Bangkok, while travelling by car is equal parts dangerous and frustrating. That said, driving may be essential for those living in areas not accessible by public transport. 

Public transport in Bangkok

Trains

A popular mode of transportation among expats in Bangkok is the BTS Skytrain. This elevated train system navigates the main business, entertainment and hospitality districts of Silom and Sukhumvit. It is a reliable, clean and safe way to travel in Bangkok. Expats should expect long waiting times and overcrowding during peak morning and afternoon hours.

Metropolitan Rapid Transit (MRT)

Alternatively, expats can opt to take the Metropolitan Rapid Transit (MRT), simply known as the metro, which runs underground from the north to the south of the city. It's based on the Singaporean model and is popular with expats as well as locals. The metro currently has two lines with 45 stations, with more lines currently under construction. 

Buses

There is an extensive system of buses in Bangkok, some of which are equipped with air conditioning. Although this is a cheap way to travel, it is often uncomfortable and can be slow due to the amount of traffic in the city. For this reason, it is not generally a popular option with expats, but buses are ideal for long-distance, rural, and intercity travel. A wide variety of private services operate routes to different parts of Thailand.

Expats can distinguish between air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned with the colour of the bus. The red buses are spacious, the green buses have no air conditioning but are more affordable, while the cream, blue and white buses are spacious and air-conditioned. The buses mainly run from 6am and end at 10pm daily. 

Useful links

• BTS Skytrain's website and the MRT's website have more on routes, specials and ticket purchases. 

Taxis in Bangkok

Taxi cabs

Taxis provide the most reliable, convenient, cost-effective and efficient way of getting around in Bangkok. These vehicles are never in short supply and are available around the clock. Expats can simply flag one down, hop in and prepare to pay the fare.

Taxis are usually fitted with a meter which charges a set rate per kilometre – by law, the meter should be turned on, but some drivers deliberately leave them off to charge the passenger a higher price. If the driver refuses to use the meter even after a passenger has requested it, the best response is to promptly exit the taxi and find another one.

It is important to remember that most taxi drivers have limited English skills. Expats living in Bangkok will quickly learn that it is best to have the address of their destination written down in Thai, or they may experience an unsolicited tour of the city.

The language barrier, and the possibility of being overcharged at the last minute, are best circumvented by using ride-hailing apps like Grab.

Tuk-tuks

Expats in Thailand will quickly become familiar with tuk-tuks, open-air three-wheeled carriages attached to motorbikes. The city is served by thousands of them and while they are popular with tourists, they are also useful for expats and locals. Tuk-tuks are a speedy way to get around, as their size allows them to weave in and out of traffic.

Songthaews

Also known as ‘red buses' or 'red trucks’, songthaews are another popular choice of transport in Thailand. These passenger vehicles are adapted from pick-up trucks and are used as shared taxis. Songthaews are used both within towns and cities, as well as for longer routes between towns and villages.

Driving in Bangkok

As a result of the city's constant heavy traffic, as well as the high death toll on its roads, many expats prefer to avoid driving in Bangkok. Expats who do intend to drive can buy new cars in Thailand or import theirs from home, but both of these options are expensive. Foreign driving licences are acceptable for up to three months after arriving in Thailand, while international driving licences are valid for 12 months. A local Thai driving licence must then be obtained.

It's not uncommon for expats to hire experienced Thai drivers rather than braving the roads themselves. This is an ideal solution, and some employers may agree to include this perk as part of the offered relocation package. 

Read Transport and Driving in Thailand for more on securing a driving licence in the country. 

Cycling in Bangkok

Compared to many of the world's other major cities, Bangkok is relatively bicycle-friendly. There are several cycle lanes scattered around the city, though getting from one to the other may prove troublesome. Furthermore, these lanes are usually shared with pedestrians and streetside markets, making them tricky to navigate safely. Cycling on the road itself is extremely dangerous and should be avoided wherever possible. 

Walking in Bangkok

Thai locals tend to walk less than expats in Bangkok, which may explain why the sidewalks are often used for shopping rather than strolling. The city's high pedestrian fatality rate should be taken seriously. If travelling by foot is unavoidable, it should be done only over short distances.