With one foot in Europe and the other in Asia, Istanbul is a cultural capital with frenzied markets, stunning royal palaces and minarets, and modern art and entertainment. Expats moving to Istanbul will experience a vibrant place, where many traditions intermingle to form a city which captivates the senses. 

Living in Istanbul as an expat

Expats in Istanbul may discover that finding a job can be a challenge as many sectors are unable to employ foreigners, but must reserve the jobs for locals. That said, English speakers may be able to find employment in teaching positions or the tourism sector. 

There are plenty of options for accommodation in Istanbul on both the Asian and European sides of the city. While the European side tends to be more expensive, the majority of expats in Istanbul live in this part of the city. That said, expats will be able to find a home that suits their needs and budget on either bank of the Bosporus. 

Istanbul has a lively nightlife accentuated by some upmarket restaurants and even trendier nightclubs. There are also numerous modern shopping malls and markets to entice avid shoppers. Most notably, Istanbul is home to the Grand Bazaar, which boasts over 4,000 shops and is surrounded by a maze of streets lined with even more shops.

Expats in Istanbul will hardly find themselves being bored. The public transport system in Istanbul is efficient and highly affordable, which makes it easy to explore the city, as well as its famed historic sites. There is also an abundance of nearby villages and towns which offer the chance for weekend escapes from the hustle and bustle of the city.

Cost of living in Istanbul

Compared to the rest of Turkey, the cost of living in Istanbul is expensive. Petrol prices are particularly high when compared to Europe and the US, as is imported alcohol. In fact, most branded imported items will be costly due to high import duties. That said, for daily groceries, medical care and domestic help, Istanbul is cheaper than most Western countries.

Expat families and children

Education is another expense that expats with children will have to consider when moving to Turkey. Most expats choose to send their children to international schools, which generally offer a superior education to the local public schools in Istanbul, but this comes at a high price.

Expats looking for a way to entertain their children in Istanbul will not have to look much further than the child-friendly interactive museums and science centres in the city. Feshane Children's Entertainment Park is perfect for a day of fun, and a trip to the Princes' Islands will get the whole family out and enjoying the sunshine. 

Climate in Istanbul

Expats in Istanbul will be blessed with the best of every season each year. They will not have to travel far to get to the ski slopes during the cold winters, and the city itself may be coated in a blanket of snow from time to time. Springs bring a riot of colour as the tulips bloom throughout the city during this time of the year, while summers are hot and humid, and lead into mild autumns. 

Expats in Istanbul will discover a city exploding with culture and history. While they may experience some initial culture shock, they will also be met with welcoming locals and a lively lifestyle in this busting metropolis. An effort to embrace the city with all its quirks will soon have expats calling Istanbul home.  

Istanbul has four distinct seasons. The winter months are cold and rainy, and the city is known to get snow that can sometimes be heavy enough to justify schools being closed. Spring can be exceptionally wet, but it also brings a riot of colour as flowers, particularly tulips, bloom throughout the city. Summers can be hot and humid to the point where an air conditioner is extremely useful during this time of the year. Autumn in Istanbul, on the other hand, is mild.
 

Istanbul sits at a crossroads of cultures and civilisations, an iconic Mediterranean city which bridges the continents of Europe and Asia. Originally founded as Byzantium in 657 BCE, the city blends both ancient history and progressive modernisation, making it a popular expat destination. It enjoys a storied history with periods of both Christian and Islamic influence, resulting in a melting pot of cultures, backgrounds and religions.

As with every city, there are ups and downs that come with living in Istanbul, so we've put together a list of pros and cons to moving to this Turkish city. 

Lifestyle in Istanbul

+ PRO: Rich in history

Because of its prime strategic position along the Bosporus River, Istanbul has been a hub of trade and industry throughout the centuries. Serving as the seat of power both for the Eastern Roman Empire and later the Ottoman Empire, history and culture pervade its buildings and peoples. Expats will marvel at the epic glory of the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, and be entranced by the magic of the Basilica Cistern. The Hippodrome of Constantinople harks back to ancient times, while the medieval stone Galata Tower in the old quarter dominates the skyline.

+ PRO: Fun in the sun

Expats who aren’t particularly fussed about history will be happy to know that there are plenty of other attractions that make Istanbul special. Among the most popular of these are the famed Bosporus cruises and yacht expeditions, a few of which travel far up the river to the Black Sea. The Princes’ Islands, a quick ferry ride away, is the perfect antidote for those tired of the hustle and bustle, with horses and bicycles the only permitted ways to get around these quiet and relaxed islands.

- CON: A few culture shocks

There are a number of culture shocks in Istanbul to be aware of. Firstly, expats should know that English is not widespread so it might be wise to brush up on a few basic Turkish phrases. The city has a more relaxed approach to timekeeping, and things tend to be less organised. Locals can be extremely friendly and engaging, to the point where some Westerners might see it as intrusive. Lastly, expats should be prepared to encounter squat toilets. While the Western-style toilet is pretty much everywhere, there are instances where this might not be the case.

Safety in Istanbul

+ PRO: Safe and welcoming of foreigners

Despite being an extremely busy and loud city, Istanbul is surprisingly safe. While expats should take all the precautions that normally come with living in a new and strange place, such as staying vigilant of pickpockets and using common sense by not walking down dark alleys after dark, they should be alright. That said, Turkey’s shared border with Syria may be worrisome to some. However, locals are still extremely welcoming to foreigners, and there is even a police tourism unit.

Cost of living in Istanbul

+ PRO: Quality of life isn’t detrimental on the wallet

It’s easy, and quite affordable, to enjoy a high quality of life in Istanbul, due to its relatively low cost of living. Supermarkets are good places to do grocery shopping, but expats in Istanbul will no doubt enjoy the quality ingredients and products found in the city’s famous covered markets, such as the Grand Bazaar. Restaurants and cafes in the low to middle tiers are relatively cheap and great value for money.

+ Pro: The choice is yours

Generally, accommodation is only slightly more expensive on the European side of town than on the Asian side across the river. Apartments with two or more rooms are available with good facilities and utilities. Household costs are pleasantly affordable in regular Turkish neighbourhoods, while it’s far more expensive staying in expat compounds.

- CON: Paying for your sins

Because of high taxes, alcohol and cigarettes are quite expensive. Electronic goods are also on the pricey side, so expats should try to make sure they bring along whatever they may need.

Working in Istanbul

- CON: Challenging job market

Working in Istanbul as an expat can be quite challenging. While the city is the centre of international relations and employment in Turkey, the state restricts the hiring of foreigners in various fields. Legal, medicinal, veterinary, pharmaceutical and mining opportunities are not available to international workers, but  there is a demand for teaching English as a foreign language, as well as English speakers in the tourism sector.

Education in Istanbul

+ PRO: Lots of international schools

There are numerous international schools in Istanbul so expat families will enjoy a healthy choice. Most follow either the International Baccalaureate programme or the Council of International Schools system. Languages of instruction include English, French, Turkish and Russian.

- CON: Cost of private tuition

Tuition at these international institutions is predictably exorbitant. Turkish state schools, on the other hand, are free and allow kids to mix with and befriend local children.

Getting around in Istanbul

+ PRO: Good public transport

Public transport in Istanbul is pretty efficient and affordable. An Istanbulkart allows fare payment on services such as buses, ferries and trains.

+ PRO: Location, location, location

Istanbul sits on prime real estate when it comes to air travel. Situated on the doorstep of three continents, the city is but a quick hop from a vast array of destinations in Europe, Asia and Africa.

- CON: Terrible traffic

Traffic in Istanbul has been rated as among the worst in the world. Expats averse to using public transport can use taxis but, as in many major cities all over the world, drivers will often try to shortchange foreigners. BiTaksi is a useful ridesharing app, with payment by card available, while Uber also operates in the city.

Weather in Istanbul

+ PRO: Something for everyone

Istanbul has distinct seasons, so expats won’t have to worry about prolonged periods of hot or cold weather. But the city is perhaps most enjoyable in spring and summer. This also means its numerous historical attractions and museums are enjoyable come rain or shine.

Istanbul has a high cost of living relative to other Turkish cities, but it's fairly cheap when considered in a global context. It was ranked 22nd out of 227 cities worldwide in the 2022 Mercer Cost of Living Survey. This is thanks to the country's recent struggle with inflation, which has depreciated the lira considerably.

New arrivals in Istanbul will find that accommodation is their biggest expense, while fresh produce is affordable compared to Western Europe. That said, an expat's choice of lifestyle will have the biggest influence on their monthly expenses.

Cost of accommodation in Istanbul

Accommodation will be a large expense in Istanbul – though costs can range tremendously depending on location and accommodation type. 

Houses and apartments with a view of the Bosphorus are available on both the Asian and European sides of Istanbul, but housing is generally more expensive on the European side. 

When securing a lease, one to two months' rent is typically expected to serve as a deposit. Tenants might also have to pay the first month's rent in advance. Most quoted rental prices also don't include monthly maintenance and utility costs, so expats should expect some additional expenses.

Cost of goods in Istanbul

Petrol in Turkey is particularly expensive when compared to Europe and the US, as are imported goods and alcohol. This includes electronic items, such as cameras and computers, as well as typically Western foods like maple syrup.

Istanbul is generally cheaper than most Western countries for daily groceries, medical care and domestic help. Fresh vegetables and fruit can be bought at bazaars (weekly markets) for low prices, and the local equivalent of many Western brands will be considerably cheaper and often equally satisfying.

Cost of entertainment and eating out in Istanbul

The cost of entertainment in Istanbul can be difficult to predict, as it varies greatly depending on the type of activity and location. Expats in Istanbul can expect prices to be mostly lower, some of which may be more cost-effective compared to similar experiences in their home countries, while others may come with a heftier price tag.

The city offers expats a chance to delve into its rich heritage by visiting historical landmarks or soaking up the energy of the bustling bazaars. For a more unique experience, expats can catch a traditional Turkish performance like belly dancing. Meanwhile, the city's lively nightlife scene offers a range of options, from intimate bars to high-energy nightclubs. For those seeking a touch of home, Western-style entertainment can also be found in Istanbul, particularly in tourist areas and international venues.

The cost of eating out in Istanbul as an expat can vary greatly, with a range of options available that cater to different budgets and tastes. When it comes to dining, expats can expect a mixture of local and international cuisine, with prices that can vary from budget-friendly to premium.

The quality of dining experiences in Istanbul can also vary, but the city is known for its rich culinary heritage, offering a range of delicious and authentic dishes. From street food vendors to fine dining establishments, expats can discover a wealth of dining options in the city.

Cost of transport in Istanbul

Public transport in Istanbul is highly efficient, extensive and affordable. Most expats find that they don't need a car, especially as reserved parking spaces are expensive. Despite this, the cost of buying a car is not especially pricey in Istanbul.

Cost of education in Istanbul

The cost of education in Istanbul varies depending on the type of education that parents opt for. Public education may be less expensive compared to private or international schools, but the quality of education and resources may differ. Private schools in Istanbul can provide a higher quality of education and resources, but they may come with a higher price tag. On the other hand, international schools in Istanbul offer a globally recognised curriculum, but they can be even more expensive than private schools.

Expats often consider the type of education they want for their children, taking into account factors such as language, curriculum, quality of resources, and location. Some expats may choose to enrol their children in public or private schools if they want to immerse their children in the local culture and language, while others may opt for international schools if they want to provide a more globally recognised education.

Cost of living in Istanbul

Prices may vary depending on the product and service provider. The list below is based on average prices for Istanbul in February 2023.

Istanbul is a large, sprawling city and it can be overwhelming for new arrivals seeking accommodation. Most expats looking for accommodation in Istanbul tend to choose the areas on the European side of the city, although there are also plenty of housing options on the Asian side.

Types of accommodation in Istanbul 

There are numerous accommodation options in Istanbul, including apartments, houses, condominiums and luxury villas. The price of property in the city varies according to the type and quality of the residence, as well as its location, age, and whether or not it has parking facilities. 

There are options for furnished and unfurnished apartments and houses in Istanbul. Many expats choose to live in housing estates, which are increasingly common. 

Finding property in Istanbul

There are many online property portals that cater to all budgets and tastes. There are also many real-estate agencies (emlak) throughout Istanbul. Some of these specialise in the expat market, which is useful in limiting language barrier issues.

Traffic congestion can be a real problem in Istanbul. Expats should, therefore, consider the proximity of their house or apartment to public transport and the distance they will have to travel to get to work. 

Renting property in Istanbul

Most landlords and estate agents will not be able to speak English and most rental agreements are written in Turkish. It’s therefore best that expats have a trusted friend or colleague who speaks Turkish to accompany them on their house hunt.

Leases, fees and deposits

Leases in Istanbul are usually signed for a year, and a deposit equivalent to one or two months' rent is typically required to secure the property. An agency fee will also need to be paid if working through an agent.

In order to rent property in Istanbul, expats may need to provide a number of documents, such as their passport, a letter from their employer and proof of income. Other documents may also be needed, depending on the landlord or agent.

Utilities

Utilities, including water, gas and electricity, are normally included in the rental price for short-term leases, while those in long-term rentals may be expected to pay for their own utilities. This is usually dependent on the landlord and may be negotiable. 

Expats renting in Istanbul will find that the utilities for most accommodation will be pre-registered in the name of the landlord and that it is the responsibility of the tenant to settle the bill monthly.

Setting up a landline telephone is an easy process, as is buying mobile pre-paid SIM cards, but only Turkish residents can get mobile phone contracts, unless they are provided by their company. 

Most companies will help expats arrange telephone connections. This is useful as telephone company agents might not speak English. When dialling within Istanbul, bear in mind that the prefix for the European side is 0212 and for the Asian side is 0216. This must be dialled before the number each time when calling from one side to the other.

Most housing estates and apartment blocks will have a kapıcı or doorman. In most cases, the kapıcı acts as the handyman and will collect garbage and take care of minor repairs. The drawback to this is that expats will be hard-pressed to find a kapıcı who speaks English and most expats will therefore need to rely on secretaries or other office staff to translate for them in their initial days in Istanbul.

Household services are widely available in Istanbul, and at a generally cheaper cost than in the West. Both Turkish and Filipino domestic cleaners are commonly available. Although Filipino domestic cleaners are generally more expensive as they are more likely to speak English.

The best places to live in Istanbul

There are many suitable areas and suburbs in Istanbul that have appealing accommodation options for expats. Many expats live in gated apartment complexes consisting of a collection of apartment blocks, or they live in houses in suburban gated communities called site. 

Factors to consider when selecting an area include proximity to work and schools, commute distance and access to basic amenities. Below is an overview of the most popular areas and suburbs in Istanbul for expats.

Central Istanbul

Etiler, Ulus, Levent, Ortaköy 

These neighbourhoods are in the Beşiktaş district, on the European side of Istanbul, and spread out over the hills above the Bosphorus. Depending on which side a house faces, expats can find a home with amazing Bosphorus views. The area is central and is home to many shops and restaurants, and these neighbourhoods have become extremely popular with expats. There is a wide variety of luxury housing available, including both villas and apartments.

Nişantaşı and Teşvikiye 

Nişantaşı and Teşvikiye are located in Şişli, a fashionable shopping district in Istanbul containing several older apartment blocks, most without Bosphorus views. These neighbourhoods are also quite central. Apartments tend to be smaller, though, with no gardens or pools, and sometimes no elevator, which is typical of most city living in Istanbul.

Bosphorus villages on the European side of Istanbul

Bebek, Kuruçeşme, Arnavutköy, Rumelihisarı

These are the more central Bosphorus neighbourhoods. If expats want to be on the waterfront, they will need to live in apartments. These tend to be expensive, especially since they are in a premium location along the Bosphorus.

Emirgan, Yeniköy, Tarabya 

Located in the Sarıyer district, these neighbourhoods are further north along the Bosphorus shore but are no less exclusive. There are large waterfront villas, pretty tree-lined streets, cafes and beautiful views. Most waterfront housing is not available for rent and, if it is, it will be extremely expensive. That said, there are several housing complexes in the hills above the coastal road with panoramic views of the Bosphorus. 

Suburbs on the European side of Istanbul

Kemerburgaz

Kemerburgaz is a 20- to 30-minute drive northwest of central Istanbul. Although the area has recently undergone a lot of development, it is still quiet and lush with leafy green foliage. Decent hospitals, supermarkets and shops can also be found in the area. 

There are several housing complexes and gated communities in Kemerburgaz, as well as apartments. This is an ideal location for those who want to be out of the city but who still want to be a commutable distance away.

Alkent 2000

Alkent 2000 is a large and prestigious gated community located about an hour’s drive west of central Istanbul. The estate contains its own sporting facilities, supermarket options and malls nearby. Although it is quite a commute from central Istanbul, it is close to renowned private and international schools. Generally speaking, it is a popular choice for expats with school-going children, but otherwise, it can leave expats feeling fairly isolated.

Zekeriyaköy 

Zekeriyaköy is further north, at the edge of the Belgrade Forest and near to the shores of the Black Sea. There are large villas with gardens and pools available here, as well as some schools. Its drawback is that it is quite far out of town – and while there are basic amenities available in Zekeriyaköy, one has to travel a fair distance for most other things, including petrol.

Asian side of Istanbul

Most expats tend to live on the European side, but there is also a thriving expat community on the Asian side of Istanbul. There are many apartments and apartment complexes and a number of them are set among stunning greenery overlooking the Bosphorus.

Travel from Europe to Asia is easy enough – options include travelling either by ferry, under the Bosphorus on the metro system or over bridges. Traffic on the bridges can sometimes be highly congested, especially during rush hour.

Central Kadıköy 

Central Kadıköy is a vibrant and cosmopolitan area which also serves as a transport hub for the Asian side of Istanbul. As the area is located on the Sea of Marmara, expats can find a great deal of sea-facing apartments. Despite being home to numerous bars and restaurants, many expats appreciate how much more tranquil Kadıköy feels when compared to the European side of Istanbul.   

Istanbul has world-class private medical care that is often cheaper than private care in Europe and the United States. The public healthcare system is not up to the same standard as its private counterpart but has improved dramatically over recent years, and offers good quality care.

There are more private than public hospitals in the city and most expats living in Istanbul access healthcare through private facilities. As such, new arrivals should ensure that they have private health insurance.

Hospitals generally stick to their appointment times and one rarely needs to wait long to see a doctor, even in the emergency room. Many doctors can speak excellent English, and some have even been trained and have worked abroad.

There are plenty of pharmacies in Istanbul. Most neighbourhoods have at least one pharmacy that is open 24/7, so expats should have easy access to essential medication.

Below is a list of some of the most prominent hospitals in Istanbul.

Hospitals in Istanbul

Acibadem International Hospital

Website: acibadem.com
Address: Istanbul Cad. 82, Yeşilköy  

American Hospital (Amerikan Hastanesi)

Website: amerikanhastanesi.org
Address: Güzelbahçe Sok 20, Nişantaşı 

Florence Nightingale Hastanaleri

Website: florence.com
Address: Abide-i Hurriyet Cad. 166, Şişli

Memorial Hospital Sisli

Website: memorial.com
Address: Piyalepaşa Bulvarı, Okmeydanı, Şişli

While expat children are allowed to attend public schools in Istanbul for free, most expat parents choose to send their children to international schools. This is due to the varying quality of public schooling and Turkish being the language of instruction.

Public schools in Istanbul

Education in Turkey is compulsory for all children from primary through to secondary school. Primary and secondary education in public schools is free to all children, including Turkish nationals and foreigners, but the standard of education varies across Turkey. 

Public schools in larger cities struggle with overcrowding and, in Istanbul, classes of between 50 and 60 students aren't uncommon. Another problem expats face with public schools in Istanbul is the fact that Turkish is the language of instruction at all schools. This may make it almost impossible for older expat children, who don't already know the language, to adapt to the public schooling system. Most expat parents therefore choose to send their children to a private or international school in Istanbul.

International schools in Istanbul

International schools in Istanbul cater to various foreign nationalities. They offer a variety of international curricula and foreign-language instruction. Most international schools in Istanbul offer students the opportunity to learn Turkish, while also organising field trips and cultural activities to assist children in assimilating into Turkish culture and society.

School fees in Istanbul are known to be exorbitant and parents will find that these fees are accompanied by various additional expenses, such as school uniforms, textbooks, extra-curricular activities and transport. Parents, therefore, need to budget carefully.

If moving to Istanbul as part of a corporate relocation, expats should factor schooling costs into their contract negotiations before moving to Turkey. Expats also shouldn't assume this allowance will be enough to cover the full tuition cost of a top school, and expats should therefore make sure their salary is enough to cover the extra costs. 

Enrolment at international schools in Istanbul can be limited. It's therefore essential to apply as soon as possible, especially if one's child is of primary school age. Most schools will post-admission requirements and application procedures on their websites. In many cases, it's possible to begin the application process from abroad. This should be a priority for expat parents when planning the move to Turkey.

Special-needs education in Turkey

The Turkish government has a policy to keep special needs children in mainstream classes as far as possible.

Many international schools in Istanbul offer special-needs education, but the type of support offered varies from school to school. Some schools offer assistance with only mild learning difficulties while others will have more extensive support systems designed to deal with a range of needs. 

The British International School in Istanbul is one international school that offers special needs support throughout their primary and secondary departments. 

Istanbul has also opened a special education and training school, called HAYPADER Special Education Practice School, that offers equal opportunities in education to children with disabilities. This school also offers scholarships for children from low income families.

Parents could contact the Guidance Study Centre in the area they will be living in to find out which school best suits their Child's needs. The Guidance Study Centre evaluates children’s physical abilities, personal development and academic competences. The centre then provides recommendations on education options. It also gives the family guidance and counselling on the care and treatment of a child with special needs. 

Tutors in Turkey

Receiving private tutoring in Istanbul while preparing for a national examination is common. Due to high competition to get into elite high schools and universities, most children will receive tutoring at some point during their scholastic career.

There are three forms of private tutoring in Turkey. The first, and most expensive, is one-on-one tutoring. This is usually done by an accomplished university student or a retired teacher. These tutors usually guarantee excellent results and therefore charge high prices.

The second kind of tutoring takes place on the school premises. Tutoring is offered outside of normal class hours by volunteer teachers. This form of tutoring is usually organised by the school board.

Finally, the most popular form of tutoring is provided by private tutoring centres (dershane). These centres act like private schools with professional teachers. Students first complete an entrance test and are placed into classes according to their results. These schools charge a monthly fee and can be expensive.

Since public schools in Istanbul use Turkish as the language of tuition, most expat parents will choose to send their children to an international school. These schools follow a variety of curricula from various nations, and expat parents are therefore bound to find a school that fits their child's needs.

Below is a list of the most prominent international schools in the city.

International schools in Istanbul

British International School

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: English National Curriculum, IGCSE and International Baccalaureate
Ages: 2.5 to 18
Website: www.bis.k12.tr

Eurosun Exclusive International Pre-School

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: International Baccalaureate and Montessori
Ages: 2 to 6
Website: www.eurosun.com.tr

Istanbul International Community School

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: International Baccalaureate
Ages: 3 to 18
Website: www.iics.k12.tr

Istanbul International School

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: English National Curriculum, Cambridge IGCSE and A-levels
Ages: 3 to 18
Website: www.istanbulint.com

Keystone International School

Gender: Co-educational
Curriculum: Canadian and International Baccalaureate 
Ages: 3 to 18
Website: www.keystoneschools.com.tr

Istanbul offers expats a wonderful lifestyle that is exotic yet familiar and full of comforts, surprises and delights. The Turkish metropolis is a culturally fascinating city for expats to relocate to. It features diverse and unique leisure and lifestyle options for just about anyone. Expats can indulge in Ottoman restaurants, an abundance of bazaars and shopping opportunities, as well as a vibrant nightlife, world-class sporting facilities and Istanbul's famed Turkish baths.

Shopping in Istanbul

New arrivals will find a shopping landscape characterised by a hodgepodge of modern, antique, unique and kitsch buys.

The Grand Bazaar is an excellent starting point. Other famous shopping markets include the Egyptian Market, also known as the Spice Bazaar, and the Beyazıt Square flea market, which can both be treasure-troves when it comes to bargains.

Otherwise, Nuruosmaniye Caddesi is known for its exquisite jewellery, while its adjacent side streets are home to many art boutiques and independent stores.

Eating out in Istanbul

Turkish cuisine combines an amazing variety of colours and bold flavours. It flaunts Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, Central Asian, Western and Balkan influences. The cuisine varies from region to region depending on the produce available.

Eating out in Turkey is a social event. Families and friends often come together over a meal. Meals at local restaurants tend to offer good value. Expats can also find good deals in establishments that don't serve alcohol but, as in many other cities, restaurant prices in Istanbul increase significantly in the main tourist areas.

In Turkey, breakfast is the main meal of the day. A typical breakfast in Turkey typically consists of fresh bread, cheese, cold meats, yoghurt, honey, olives, eggs and fruit. Expats who are coffee lovers should also enjoy a cup of Turkish coffee. Other popular food items are pede, kebabs, and baklava.

Nightlife in Istanbul

There are many bars and nightclubs in Istanbul. The more distinctive spots are the open-air clubs near the Bosphorus which are only open in the summer. With everything from belly dancers to cutting-edge techno beats, those who enjoy a good party will be thrilled to discover Istanbul’s dynamic nightlife as trendy clubs, bars and cocktail lounges abound.

Culture and concerts in Istanbul

Expats can indulge in a wide variety of cultural activities in Istanbul. The city offers a comprehensive programme of concerts, ballet and opera. There are also concerts held at the time-worn Hagia Irene, which is a Byzantine church that has been reopened for cultural events.

Rock bands occasionally visit Istanbul and there are regular jazz performances at clubs. There is, of course, no lack of Turkish culture, including Turkish popular music and whirling dervish shows.

Cinemas in Istanbul

Istanbul has a number of cinemas, which are found mostly in the malls. The latest English films are shown with only a slight delay from their original release dates. All films are shown in their original language with Turkish subtitles.

Sports and outdoor activities in Istanbul

The city presents many options for leisure and sporting activities. Football is enormously popular in Turkey and Istanbul hosts Beşiktaş, Fenerbahçe and Galatasaray, fierce rivals and the country's most celebrated football clubs.

In terms of exercise, there are many swimming pools and tennis courts around the city and gyms are widely available. There are also several golf and country clubs for expats to join.

New arrivals will find that their first few months in Istanbul will fly by, especially as they're caught up in discovering the city's intricacies. That said, after a while, the thrill of discovery can subside as newcomers settle into 'real life' and find themselves needing to escape from the big city.

Here are some options for weekend adventures, most of which are only a few hours' drive away from Istanbul.

Edirne

Edirne for a day trip or a weekend getaway from Istanbul as it's only a two-hour drive to the west of Istanbul, and is situated close to the border with Greece and Bulgaria. It was the capital of the early Ottoman Empire and there is therefore some wonderful Ottoman architecture and mosques to explore in the city. The easiest and cheapest way to reach Edirne from Istanbul is to take a bus.

Gallipoli and Troy

Gallipoli is an elongated peninsula stretching from the Thracian mainland, between the Gulf of Saros and the Dardanelles, and is about a four-hour drive southwest of Istanbul. Expats can get here via one of the several coach tours which travel directly from Istanbul. Thousands of people come here on Anzac Day to pay their respects and visit World War I battlefields and memorials. Nearby is the ancient city of Troy, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and national park, where visitors can see a replica of the Trojan horse.

Polonezköy 

Polonezköy means 'Polish village', which is exactly what this once was. It is a thickly forested area on the eastern side of Istanbul, which makes for a good day trip, especially in the summer. There are numerous restaurants in the village, some serving traditional Polish meals. There are also a few guesthouses and hotels for those wishing to make a weekend of it.

Sapanca Lake

Sapanca Lake (Sapanca Gölü) is situated east of Istanbul. It offers beautiful scenery and is only a couple of hours’ drive from the Asian side. The area has become popular for day trips and weekend breaks from Istanbul. 

Skiing in Kartepe

The closest ski slope to Istanbul is Kartepe and is only a couple of hours' drive away, making it an ideal day trip. That said, it's a small slope and serious skiers might feel dissatisfied. It also gets crowded at weekends. For more serious skiing, Uludağ is a good option, but this is further east and might necessitate a two- or three-day trip at least.

Bursa and Iznik

Bursa is a four-hour bus ride from Istanbul and is about 12.5 miles (20km) inland from the Sea of Marmara. The fastest way to get to Bursa from Istanbul, however, is by boat. The city was the first capital city of the Ottoman Empire. The historical city of Iznik, on the other hand, is located on the eastern shore of Lake Iznik and is situated nearby to Bursa. This region offers an ideal two- or three-day trip from Istanbul. Bursa also has many examples of stunning Ottoman architecture, particularly the Grand Mosque, while Iznik is famous for its glazed tiles.

The Princes' Islands (Adaları)

The Princes' Islands are a collection of islands in the Sea of Marmara just to the southeast of Istanbul. They are a short ferry trip away from Istanbul and can easily be visited either for a day-trip or as a weekend getaway. Cycling around the island is popular, as is meandering through the island's quaint, villa-lined roads.   

The Turkish are generally known to be friendly towards and accommodation of children. Expats moving to Istanbul with kids are sure to find many fun activities and places to visit, including museums, and science and technology centres. There are also several popular parks, beach resorts and nearby islands that are ideal for family outings.

That said, Istanbul is not extremely accommodating to those with small children. The streets are narrow, traffic is a constant problem, and most sidewalks don’t have ramps for strollers.

Entertainment for kids in Istanbul

Feshane Children’s Entertainment Park 

The Feshane Children’s Entertainment Park is located within the International Fair Centre in the Feshane area of Istanbul. It’s an open-air park that's been designed especially for children, with some rides, games and activities to keep them busy. There's also a nearby food market for parents to enjoy.

Ferry trip to the Princes' Islands

A popular day trip to do with kids in Istanbul is to take a ferry trip to one of the Princes' Islands, located on the Anatolian side of Istanbul. Cars are banned on the islands, so there are lots of open spaces for the children to run freely. Children and parents alike can also enjoy horse and carriage rides, take a walk or hire a bicycle to explore one of the islands.

Kid-friendly museums in Istanbul

The Istanbul Toy museum

The Istanbul Toy Museum, situated in a wooden mansion in the Götzepe neighbourhood on the Asian side of Istanbul, is a popular attraction for both parents and children. The museum was founded by well-known Turkish poet, Sunay Akin. It houses a collection of over 4,000 toys from around the world.

Miniatürk 

Miniatürk is an open-air museum with tiny replicas of historic Turkish structures and monuments. The museum is a fun and educational place for a family outing and is open year round. The park also features a life-sized chessboard, labyrinth and a playground for children to enjoy. Miniatürk is situated on the northeastern shore of the Golden Horn. 

Rahmi M Koç Museum

Also located on the Golden Horn of Istanbul, the Rahmi M Koç Museum is an industrial museum dedicated to the history of transport, industry and communications. Kids will have fun climbing into vintage cars and the cockpit of an aeroplane. They can also dabble in real-life scientific experiments. 

Istanbul Modern

The Istanbul Modern, situated in the Beyoğlu district of Istanbul, houses permanent and temporary exhibitions of contemporary art. The museum has an interactive section where children aged between six and 12 can have fun while learning about art.

Istanbul is home to some great annual events that have put the city on the map. With the great climate and varying landscape, it makes sense that many of the city's major events take place outside. Religion also plays a major role in Istanbul. Seeing as the majority of the city's inhabitants are Muslim, the religion's festivals are widely celebrated annually. 

Here's a selection of popular annual events that take place in the city. 

Annual events in Istanbul

Istanbul Tulip Festival (April)

To celebrate the tulip, Istanbul's enduring symbol, about 30 million bulbs are planted annually. This turns the city's parks into rich tapestries of colour. These flowers generally bloom in the month of April and can best be seen in the Yıldız, Göztepe, Emirgan and Gülhane parks, as well as in Sultanahmet Square

International Istanbul Music Festival (June/July)

The Istanbul Music Festival showcases opera, ballet, jazz, traditional and classical music. The festival has seen some world-renowned performers and artists over the years and promises a fabulous extravaganza each year.

The Bosphorus Cross-Continental Swim (July)

Expats living in Istanbul should head down to the Bosphorus Strait to cheer on the participants in the annual Bosphorus Swim. This event sees brave swimmers navigating their way across the 4.3 mile (7km) strait between Kanlıca on the Asian side and Kuruçeşme on the European side.

Istanbul Marathon (November)

The Istanbul Marathon is a major running event in Istanbul which includes a marathon, a competitive 9.3 mile (15km) race and a 4.9 mile (8km) fun run. The events start on the Asian side of the city, close to the Bosphorus Bridge, with the marathon and 15km race ending in the Sultanahmet district on the European side, while the fun run finishes in Dolmabahçe.

Important Muslim festivals in Istanbul

Most of Turkey’s public holidays are secular in nature, but Turkey also celebrates the two major Islamic festivals – the first is called Şeker Bayram (literally translated as Festival of Sugar) and the second called Kurban Bayram (Festival of Sacrifice). Şeker Bayram is celebrated after the month of Ramazan (Ramadan), where Muslims fast during the day and only eat after sunset.

Traditionally during the month of Ramadan, drummers walk the street before sunrise to wake up the observant Muslims so that they can have breakfast before sunrise. That said, if living in an apartment complex, expats are unlikely to be disturbed by the noisy beat below. Iftar is the meal that is taken to break the fast after sunset. The roads are packed in the hour before Iftar with people making their way home for the evening meal.

When Şeker Bayram falls in winter, schools are let off early so that the rush-hour traffic can be avoided. On the first day of Şeker Bayram, locals go to each other's houses to distribute sweets and gifts.

Kurban Bayram consists of locals paying to have a goat sacrificed, and distributing the meat to charity. Both of these holidays are floating holidays and change from year to year. Government departments, banks, schools and offices are normally closed for several days during these periods, although most retail businesses will only close on the first day of the holiday.

It is customary to give one's maid, driver, gardener, doorman and any other regular staff a gift at Şeker Bayram. This can either be in the form of money or food. All supermarkets have “Ramzan Packets” for sale, which are essentially food hampers. 

Getting around Istanbul is relatively easy regardless of whether expats decide to use their own vehicle or take public transport. Many expats living in Istanbul's outlying suburbs do have their own cars but, for those living centrally, it is often more efficient and economical to utilise the city's many public transport options.

Public transport in Istanbul

Istanbul has an extensive system, with many modes of transport operating within an integrated infrastructure. Those who plan on using public transport regularly should purchase an Istanbulkart. This electronic chip card can be reloaded and used to travel on most modes of public transport in Istanbul.

Buses

Buses in Istanbul are cheap and reliable, but they can be overcrowded. Bus routes run throughout the city and travel less frequently to the suburban areas. 

Metro

Istanbul's metro is excellent, clean and modern. That said, it covers a limited area and mainly services the city centre. The Marmaray metro system runs beneath the Bosphorus, joining the European and Asian sides of Istanbul. 

Istanbul also boasts tram and funicular lines that connect various parts of the city.

Dolmuş

These are minibuses that stop to pick up and drop off passengers anywhere on pre-established routes. There are no dolmuş stops – rather these minibuses stop to pick up passengers wherever it is flagged down. It stops to drop off passengers whenever one asks the driver to stop. They are quicker and can be more flexible than regular buses.

Ferries

There are regular ferry services in Istanbul and they offer a cheap and relaxing way to cross the Bosphorus.

Taxis in Istanbul

Taxis are metered and are fairly reasonably priced. As with anywhere in the world, however, the costs add up if using taxis regularly. Another drawback of the cabs is that the drivers generally don't speak English. It's best to write down the address in advance and show it to the driver.

Alternatively, taxi services can be requested through local rideshare apps such as BiTaksi and Uber, which has returned to Turkey after being banned in 2019. Many expats prefer using these apps as it allows them to set their route and determine fare estimates without having to speak to taxi drivers. 

Water taxi

Water taxis in Istanbul serve as an on-call boat taxi service. The fare is calculated according to the distance travelled, rather than per person.

Driving in Istanbul 

Istanbul has a good network of highways but it also has old, narrow and extremely steep streets. Turks tend to drive fast on highways and do not always stick to road rules, so expats should be alert.

By and large, the traffic in Istanbul is well regulated and fairly disciplined. Parking is not a huge problem compared to other major metropolises as there are many ‘Pay and Park’ areas available.

European and US licences are valid for driving in Turkey. That said, it's essential to get a notarised Turkish translation of the licence when arriving and to keep both the original and the translated copy available at all times when driving.